Izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyongokwabo banezakhiwo ezityebileyo ze-elektroniki kwaye babonisa izinto ezininzi ezibonakalayo, zombane kunye nemagnethi. Emva kwe-nanomaterialization yomhlaba enqabileyo, ibonisa iimpawu ezininzi, ezifana nefuthe elincinci, isiphumo esicacileyo somgangatho ophezulu, i-quantum effect, i-optical enamandla kakhulu, i-electric, i-magnetic properties, i-superconductivity, imisebenzi ephezulu yeekhemikhali, njl., enokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nomsebenzi. wemathiriyeli kunye nokuphuhlisa imathiriyeli ezininzi ezintsha. Kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengezinto ezibonakalayo, izinto ezikhanyayo, izinto zekristal, izinto zamagnetic, izinto zebhetri, i-Electroceramics, iikeramics zobunjineli, i-catalysts, njl.
1, Uphando lwangoku lophuhliso kunye nemimandla yesicelo
1. Izinto ezinqabileyo ze-luminescent: Umhlaba onqabileyo we-nano fluorescent powder (umgubo weTV wombala, umgubo wesibane), kunye nokuphucula ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kuya kunciphisa kakhulu ubuninzi bomhlaba onqabileyo osetyenziswayo. Ukusetyenziswa ikakhuluY2O3, I-Eu2O3, Tb4O7, CeO2, Gd2O3. Umviwa weZixhobo eziNtsha zeTelevishini yeMbala yeNkcazo ePhezulu.?
2. Izinto ze-Nano superconducting: I-YBCO superconductors elungiselelwe kusetyenziswa i-Y2O3, ngokukodwa izinto zefilimu ezibhityileyo, zinentsebenzo ezinzileyo, amandla aphezulu, ukusetyenzwa okulula, kufutshane nesigaba esisebenzayo, kunye namathemba abanzi.
3. Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ze-nano magnetic: ezisetyenziselwa imemori yamagnetic, i-magnetic fluid, i-giant magnetoresistance, njl., iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza, ukwenza izixhobo zisebenze kakhulu kunye ne-miniaturized. Umzekelo, iithagethi ze-oxide giant magnetoresistance (REMnO3, njl.).?
4. I-Rare Earth-high-performance ceramics: I-Electroceramics (i-electronic sensors, izinto ze-PTC, izinto ze-microwave, i-capacitors, i-thermistors, njl.) zilungiswe nge-ultra-fine okanye i-nanometer Y2O3, i-La2O3, i-Nd2O3, i-Sm2O3, njl. iipropati, kunye nozinzo ziye zaphuculwa kakhulu, inkalo ebalulekileyo yokuphucula imathiriyeli yombane. I-Ceramics sintered kumaqondo okushisa aphantsi, afana ne-nano Y2O3 kunye ne-ZrO2, inamandla aqinileyo kunye nokuqina, kwaye isetyenziswe kwizixhobo zokunxiba ezifana neebheringi kunye nezixhobo zokusika; Ukusebenza kwe-multilayer capacitors kunye nezixhobo ze-microwave ezenziwe nge-nano Nd2O3, Sm2O3, njl. ziphuculwe kakhulu.?
5. I-Rare Earth nanocatalysts: Kwii-chemical reactions ezininzi, ii-rare earth catalysts zisetyenziswa. Ukuba i-nanocatalysts enqabileyo yomhlaba isetyenzisiweyo, umsebenzi wabo we-catalytic kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuya kuphuculwa kakhulu. I-CeO2 nano powder yangoku ineenzuzo zomsebenzi ophezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nobomi benkonzo ende kwi-exhaust purifier yemoto, kwaye ithathe indawo yesinyithi esixabisekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa konyaka kwamawaka eetoni.?
6. Umhlaba onqabileyo we-ultraviolet absorber:Nano CeO2Umgubo ufunxa ngamandla imitha ye-ultraviolet, kwaye isetyenziselwa izithambiso zelanga, imicu yelanga, iglasi yemoto, njl.?
7. I-Rare earth precision polishing: I-CeO2 inefuthe elihle lokupholisa kwiglasi kunye nezinye izinto. I-Nano CeO2 ine-high polishing precision kwaye isetyenziswe kwi-liquid crystal displays, i-silicon wafers, ukugcinwa kweglasi, njl. ixabiso elongeziweyo, uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo, amandla amakhulu, kunye nethemba lorhwebo elithembisayo.?
2、 Ukulungiselela iteknoloji
Okwangoku, zombini ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nanomaterials kuye kwatsala ingqalelo kumazwe ahlukeneyo. I-nanotechnology yaseChina iyaqhubeka nokwenza inkqubela phambili, kwaye ukuveliswa kwemveliso okanye ukuveliswa kwezilingo kuye kwaqhutywa ngempumelelo kwi-nanoscale SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO2, Fe2O3 kunye nezinye izinto ze powder. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yangoku yokuvelisa kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa ubuthathaka bayo obubulalayo, obuya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwama-nanomaterials. Ke ngoko, ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kuyafuneka.?
Ngenxa yobume be-elektroniki obukhethekileyo kunye neradiyasi enkulu ye-Atomic yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, iipropati zabo zekhemikhali zahluke kakhulu kwezinye izinto. Ngoko ke, indlela yokulungiselela kunye neteknoloji emva kokunyanga kwe-nano oxides enqabileyo yomhlaba nayo ihluke kwezinye izinto. Iindlela zophando eziphambili ziquka:?
1. Indlela yokunciphisa: kubandakanywa i-oxalic acid precipitation, i-carbonate precipitation, i-hydroxide precipitation, i-homogeneous precipitation, i-complexation precipitation, njl. Into enkulu yale ndlela kukuba isisombululo sidibanisa ngokukhawuleza, kulula ukulawula, isixhobo silula, kwaye sinokuvelisa. iimveliso ezicocekileyo. Kodwa kunzima ukuhluza kwaye kulula ukuhlanganisa?
2. Indlela ye-Hydrothermal: Ukukhawulezisa kunye nokomeleza i-hydrolysis reaction ye-ion phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo, kwaye wenze i-nanocrystalline nuclei ehlakazekileyo. Le ndlela inokufumana i-nanometer powders kunye ne-uniform dispersion kunye nokusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle encinci, kodwa ifuna ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezibiza kwaye zingakhuselekanga ukusebenza.
3. Indlela yejeli: Yindlela ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela izinto ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-inorganic synthesis. Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, i-organometallic compounds okanye i-organic complexes inokwenza i-sol ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization okanye i-hydrolysis, kwaye yenza i-gel phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Unyango olongezelelekileyo lobushushu lunokuvelisa ii-noodles zeRice ezigqibeleleyo ezinomgangatho othile omkhulu kunye nokusasazwa okungcono. Le ndlela inokuqhutywa phantsi kweemeko ezinobunzima, okubangela ukuba i powder ibe nommandla omkhulu kunye nokusabalalisa okungcono. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokuphendula lide kwaye lithatha iintsuku ezininzi ukugqiba, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoshishino?
4. Indlela yesigaba esiqinileyo: ukubola kobushushu obuphezulu kuqhutywa ngekhompawundi eqinileyo okanye ephakathi Ukusabela kweendaba ezomileyo. Umzekelo, i-nitrate yomhlaba enqabileyo kunye ne-oxalic acid zixutywa yi-slide yesigaba sebhola yokusila ukwenza i-intermediate ye-oxalate yomhlaba enqabileyo, ethi iboliswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukufumana i-ultra-fine powder. Le ndlela inokusebenza kakuhle kokusabela, izixhobo ezilula, kunye nokusebenza ngokulula, kodwa umgubo obangelwayo unesimo esingaqhelekanga kunye nokungafani okufanayo.?
Ezi ndlela azizodwa kwaye zisenokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo kushishino. Zininzi iindlela zokulungiselela, ezifana ne-organic microemulsion method, alcoholysis, njl.?
3, Inkqubela phambili kuphuhliso lwamashishini
Imveliso yemizi-mveliso kaninzi ayisebenzisi indlela enye, kodwa kunoko itsala amandla kwaye incedisana nobuthathaka, kwaye idibanisa iindlela ezininzi zokufikelela umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nenkqubo ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo efunekayo kurhwebo. I-Guangdong Huizhou Ruier Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. isandula ukwenza inkqubela phambili yoshishino ekuphuhliseni i-nanomaterials zomhlaba ezinqabileyo. Emva kweendlela ezininzi zokuhlola kunye neemvavanyo ezingenakubalwa, indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso - indlela yejeli ye-microwave ifunyenwe. Inzuzo enkulu yale teknoloji kukuba: ukusabela kwejeli ye-10 yeentsuku ze-10 iyancipha ukuya kusuku olu-1, ukwenzela ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kwandiswe ngamaxesha angama-10, ixabiso liyancipha kakhulu, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso ulungile, indawo ephezulu. , indlela yokusabela kwisilingo somsebenzisi ilungile, ixabiso lingaphantsi ngama-30% kunelo leemveliso zaseMelika kunye nezaseJapan, ezikhuphisana kakhulu kumazwe ngamazwe, Phumelela inqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe.?
Kutshanje, iimvavanyo zefektri ziye zaqhutywa kusetyenziswa indlela yokuwa kwemvula, ikakhulu kusetyenziswa amanzi e-ammonia kunye ne-ammonia carbonate ukuze kubekho imvula, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-solvents ye-organic dehydration kunye nonyango lomhlaba. Le ndlela inenkqubo elula kunye neendleko eziphantsi, kodwa umgangatho wemveliso uphantsi, kwaye kusekho ezinye ii-agglomerations ezifuna ukuphuculwa ngakumbi kunye nokuphuculwa.
I-China lilizwe eliphambili kubutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo. Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba nama-nanomaterials ziye zavula iindlela ezintsha zokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, zandisa ububanzi bezicelo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, zakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha zokusebenza, ukwandisa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso eziphezulu zexabiso elongezelelweyo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwamanye amazwe. ukutshintshiselana ngezakhono zokufumana. Oku kunokubaluleka okubonakalayo okubalulekileyo ekuguquleni iinzuzo zemithombo zibe yinzuzo kwezoqoqosho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-27-2023