Ngenxa yobhubhani we-COVID-19, ndicinga ukuba kuya kuba yinto engafanelekanga ukuxoxa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicoci zezandla ezikhoyo kunye nendlela yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwazo ekubulaleni ibhaktheriya.
Zonke izicoci zezandla zahlukile. Izithako ezithile zivelisa iziphumo ezichasene ne-microbial. Khetha isicoci sesandla esisekwe kwibhaktheriya, umngundo kunye neentsholongwane ofuna ukuzenza zingasebenzi. Akukho khrimu yesandla enokubulala yonke into. Ukongeza, nokuba ikhona, iya kuba neziphumo ezibi kwimpilo.
Ezinye izicoci zezandla zibhengezwa “njengezingenatywala”, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba zinolusu olomileyo. Ezi mveliso ziqukethe i-benzalkonium chloride, ikhemikhali esebenzayo kwiibhaktheriya ezininzi, iifungi ezithile kunye neprotozoa. Ayisebenzi ngokuchasene neMycobacterium tuberculosis, iintsholongwane zePseudomonas, iintsholongwane zebhaktiriya kunye neentsholongwane. Ubukho begazi kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo (ukungcola, ioli, njl.) ezinokubakho eluswini zingenza lula ukwenzalkonium chloride. Isepha esele eluswini iya kunciphisa impembelelo yayo ye-bactericidal. Ikwasuleleka lula yi-Gram-negative bacteria.
Utywala busebenza ngokuchasene ne-Gram-positive kunye ne-Gram-negative bacteria, ezininzi zokungunda, kunye nazo zonke iintsholongwane ze-lipophilic (herpes, vaccinia, HIV, influenza kunye ne-coronavirus). Ayisebenzi ngokuchasene ne-non-lipid virus. Kuyingozi kwiintsholongwane ze-hydrophilic (ezifana ne-astrovirus, i-rhinovirus, i-adenovirus, i-echovirus, i-enterovirus kunye ne-rotavirus). Utywala abunakubulala intsholongwane yepoliyo okanye intsholongwane yehepatitis A. Kwakhona ayinikezeli umsebenzi oqhubekayo we-antibacterial emva kokumisa. Ngoko ke, akukhuthazwa njengendlela yokukhusela ezimeleyo. Injongo yotywala idityaniswe nesithinteli esihlala ixesha elide.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeegels zesandla ezisekelwe etywaleni: i-ethanol kunye ne-isopropanol. I-70% yotywala inokubulala ngokufanelekileyo ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic, kodwa ayisebenzi kwi-spores ye-bacterial. Gcina izandla zakho zifumile imizuzu emibini ukufumana iziphumo eziphezulu. Ukuhlikihla okungaqhelekanga kwimizuzwana embalwa akukwazi ukunika ukususwa okwaneleyo kwe-microbial.
I-Isopropanol ineenzuzo ngaphezu kwe-ethanol kuba i-bactericidal ngakumbi kwi-concentration range ebanzi kwaye iyancipha. Ukufumana umphumo we-antibacterial, ubuncinci boxinzelelo kufuneka bube yi-62% ye-isopropanol. Ugxininiso luyancipha kwaye ukusebenza kuyancipha.
I-Methanol (i-methanol) inempembelelo ye-antibacterial ebuthathaka kakhulu kuzo zonke ii-alcohols, ngoko ke ayikhuthazwa njenge-disinfectant.
I-Povidone-iodine sisibulala-ntsholongwane esikwaziyo ukulwa neebhaktheriya ezininzi, kubandakanywa iibhaktheriya zegram-positive kunye negram-negative, iintsholongwane ezithile zebhaktiriya, igwele, i-protozoa, kunye neentsholongwane ezifana ne-HIV kunye nentsholongwane ye-hepatitis B. Impembelelo ye-antibacterial ixhomekeke ekugxininiseni iodine yamahhala kwisisombululo. Kuthatha imizuzu emibini ubuncinane ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lwesikhumba ukuze lusebenze. Ukuba ayisuswanga eluswini, i-povidone-iodine ingaqhubeka nokusebenza iyure enye ukuya kwezimbini. Ukungalungi kokuyisebenzisa njengento yokukhusela kukuba ulusu luba lu-orenji-brown kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokuchasana nokwaliwa, kubandakanywa ukusabela komzimba kunye nokucaphuka kwesikhumba.
I-Hypochlorous acid yimolekyuli yendalo eveliswa ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Unamandla okubulala iintsholongwane. Inemisebenzi ye-bactericidal, fungicidal kunye ne-insecticidal. Itshabalalisa iiprotheni zesakhiwo kwii-microorganisms. I-Hypochlorous acid iyafumaneka kwijeli kunye neefom zokutshiza kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo kunye nezinto. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba inomsebenzi wokubulala intsholongwane ngokuchasene nomkhuhlane weentaka A virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus kunye norovirus. I-Hypochlorous acid ayikavavanywa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-COVID-19. I-Hypochlorous acid formulations inokuthengwa kwaye i-odolwe phezu kwe-counter. Musa ukuzama ukuzenza.
I-hydrogen peroxide iyasebenza ngokuchasene neebhaktheriya, igwele, umngundo, iintsholongwane kunye ne-spores. Ivelisa i-hydroxyl free radicals eyonakalisa i-membrane yeseli kunye neeprotheni, eziyimfuneko ukuze kuphile ii-microorganisms. I-hydrogen peroxide ibola emanzini kunye neoksijini. Uxinzelelo lwe-hydrogen peroxide kwi-counter-counter yi-3%. Musa ukuyihlambulula. Okukhona kusezantsi ugxininiso, kokukhona ixesha loqhagamshelwano lide.
Isoda yokubhaka ingasetyenziselwa ukususa amabala kumphezulu, kodwa ayisebenzi ngokupheleleyo njenge-antibacterial agent.
Nangona i-sanitizer yesandla inceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-COVID-19, ayinakuthatha indawo yesepha namanzi. Ngoko ke, khumbula ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi emva kokubuyela ekhaya uvela kuhambo lweshishini.
UGqr. Patricia Wong ngugqirha wesikhumba kwiKliniki yaBucala yasePalo Alto. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, nceda utsalele umnxeba ku-473-3173 okanye undwendwele patriciawongmd.com.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2020