Dysprosium, isiqalelo sama-66 soluhlu lweperiodic
UJia Yi we-Han Dynasty wabhala "Kwi-Crimes ezilishumi zaseQin" ukuba "kufuneka siqokelele onke amajoni ehlabathi, siwahlanganise eXianyang, kwaye siwathengise". Apha, 'idysprosium' ibhekisa kwisiphelo esitsolileyo sotolo. Ngomnyaka we-1842, emva kokuba uMossander wahlula kwaye wafumanisa i-terbium kunye ne-erbium kwi-yttrium emhlabeni, iikhemisti ezininzi zagqiba ngohlalutyo lwe-spectral ukuba kunokubakho ezinye izinto kwi-yttrium emhlabeni. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe emva koko, ikhemisti yaseFransi uBouvard érand yahlula ngempumelelo umhlaba we-holmium, enye iseyi-holmium, ngelixa elinye laye lachongwa njengento entsha, eyi-dysprosium.
Izinto ezisekelwe kwi-Dysprosium zinokuodolwa kwiimagnethi zebhloko kumaqondo obushushu athile, kwaye lo bushushu busondele kakhulu kwiqondo lobushushu apho izinto ezisekelwe kwimanganese zivelisa lo msebenzi. Ipesenti ethile ye-dysprosium iya kongezwa kwiimagnethi ezisisigxina ze-Nd-Fe-B. Kuphela malunga ne-2% ~ 3% inokunyusa i-Coercivity kwiimagnethi ezisisigxina, eyona nto iyimfuneko yokongeza kwiimagnethi ze-Nd-Fe-B. Nokuba ezinye iimagnethi ze-iron boron ze-neodymium zisebenzisa i-dysprosium ukufaka indawo yenxalenye ye-neodymium ukuphucula ukumelana nobushushu kwiimagnethi. Nge-dysprosium neodymium yentsimbi yemagnethi ye-boron, inokuba nokumelana ne-corrosion ephezulu kwaye isetyenziswe kwiinjini zokuqhuba izithuthi zombane ezisebenza kakhulu.
DysprosiumkwayeterbiumZizimbini ezilungileyo, kwaye i-terbium dysprosium iron alloy eveliswayo inemagnetostriction ebalulekileyo kunye neyona ndawo iphezulu yobushushu bemagnetostriction coefficient phakathi kwemathiriyeli. Ngokusebenzisa ezinye iikristale zetyuwa zeParamagnetism dysprosium, izazinzulu zenze ifriji egcina ubushushu kunye ne-demagnetization.
Imvelaphi yetekhnoloji yokurekhoda yamagnetic inokulandelwa emva kokusetyenziswa kweerekhoda zensimbi kwi-1875. Namhlanje, ukurekhoda kwe-magneto-optical idibanisa ukurekhoda kwe-optical kunye nemagnetic, kunye nokugcinwa kokugcinwa okuphezulu kunye nomsebenzi wokucima ngokuphindaphindiweyo. I-Dysprosium inesantya esiphezulu sokurekhoda kunye novakalelo lokufunda.
Isibane se-dysprosium sokukhanyisa izibane silungiselelwe kunye ne-dysprosium kunyeiholmium. Izibane zeDysprosium zizibane eziphezulu zokukhupha igesi, ngokungafaniyo nezibane eziqhelekileyo ze-incandescent ezikhupha ukukhanya ngeengcingo ze-tungsten. Ngelixa zikhupha ukukhanya, zikwavelisa ubushushu. Malunga ne-70% yamandla ombane aguqulwa abe ngamandla ashushu. Ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa, liphezulu izinga lokushisa, kwaye kulula ngakumbi ukutshisa iingcingo ze-tungsten. Izibane zeDysprosium zikhupha ukukhanya ngokufakelwa kombane kwerhasi ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwaye uninzi lwamandla ombane lunokuguqulwa lube ngamandla okukhanya, asebenza ngamandla, aqaqambe, kwaye aphile ixesha elide. Ngaphantsi kokunikezelwa kwamandla afanayo, banokudala kathathu ukukhanya kwezibane ze-incandescent. Isibane se-Dysprosium luhlobo lwesibane se-Metal-halide, esizaliswe nge-Dysprosium(III) iodide, i-Thallium (I) iodide, i-mercury, njl., kwaye inokukhupha i-spectrum yayo ekhethekileyo. Isibane se-dysprosium esibonakalisa ukukhanya kwelanga sinomaleko obonakalisayo. Inobunzulu beRadiant intensity ephezulu kunye nemitha ye-infrared ephantsi kwindawo ebanzi yokubona ukusuka ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya kwisibane esibomvu esiorenji. Ngumthombo wokukhanya ofanelekileyo wovavanyo lwezolimo, ukulinywa kwezityalo, kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezityalo. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisibane sesiphumo sebhayoloji, esilungele iibhokisi ezahlukeneyo zemozulu eyenziweyo, iibhokisi ezenziweyo zebhayoloji, izindlu zokugcina izityalo, kunye nezinye izihlandlo. Inokwenza izityalo zikhule ngcono.
I-Dysprosium doped luminescent materials inokusetyenziswa njenge-tricolor phosphors ukuvelisa ii-activators ze-phosphor.
I-Dysprosium inamandla okubamba i-neutron kwaye ine-neutron enkulu yokubamba icandelo lomnqamlezo, ngoko isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-neutron spectrum okanye njenge-neutron absorber kushishino lwamandla e-atomic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-03-2023