Iindlela zokutsalwa kwescandium
Ngexesha elide emva kokufunyanwa kwayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-scandium akuzange kuboniswe ngenxa yobunzima bayo kwimveliso. Ngokuphucuka okwandayo kweendlela ezinqabileyo zokwahlula izinto zomhlaba, ngoku kukho inkqubo evuthiweyo yokuhamba yokucoca iikhompawundi ze-scandium. Ngenxa yokuba i-scandium ine-alkalinity ebuthathaka kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-yttrium kunye ne-lanthanide element, i-hydroxides iqulethe izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezixubeneyo eziqulethe i-scandium. Emva kokonyango, i-scandium hydroxide iya kuqala i-precipitate xa idluliselwe kwisisombululo kwaye iphathwe nge-ammonia. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yemvula ehleliweyo kunokuyahlula ngokulula kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Enye indlela kukusebenzisa i-hierarchical decomposition ye-nitrate yokwahlula, njengoko i-nitric acid iyona nto ilula ukubola kwaye inokufezekisa injongo yokwahlula i-scandium. Ukongezelela, ukubuyiswa ngokubanzi kwe-scandium ehamba kunye ne-uranium, i-tungsten, i-tin kunye nezinye iidiphozithi zamaminerali nazo zingumthombo obalulekileyo we-scandium.
Emva kokufumana i-compound ecocekileyo ye-scandium, iguqulwa ibe yi-ScCl3 kwaye idibene kunye ne-KCI kunye ne-LiCI. I-zinc etyhidiweyo isetyenziswa njenge-cathode ye-electrolysis, ibangela ukuba i-scandium iqhube kwi-zinc electrode. Emva koko, i-zinc iyakhutshwa ngumphunga ukufumana i-metallic scandium. Le yintsimbi emhlophe yesilivere ekhanyayo, kunye neempawu zayo zeekhemikhali nazo zisebenza kakhulu. Inokusabelana namanzi ashushu ukwenza ihydrogen.
Scandiumineempawu zoxinano olusezantsi (phantse lulingane ne-aluminiyam) kunye nendawo ephezulu yokunyibilika. I-Nitriding (SCN) inendawo yokunyibilika ye-2900 ℃ kunye ne-conductivity ephezulu, iyenza isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini ombane kunye nonomathotholo. I-Scandium yenye yezixhobo ze-thermonuclear reactors. I-Scandium inokuvuselela i-phosphorescence ye-ethane kwaye ikhulise ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwe-magnesium oxide. Xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zemercury ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, izibane ezibukhali zesodium zineengenelo ezifana nokusebenza kokukhanya okuphezulu kunye nombala wokukhanya okhanyayo, ozenza zilungele ukufota iifilimu kunye nokukhanya kweplaza.
I-Scandium ingasetyenziselwa njenge-additive ye-nickel chromium alloys kwi-metallurgical industry ukuvelisa i-alloys ephezulu yokumelana nobushushu. I-Scandium yimathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo kwiipleyiti zokubona iinkwili. Ubushushu bokutsha bescandium bufikelela kuma-5000 ℃, obunokusetyenziswa kubuchwephesha basemajukujukwini. I-Sc ingasetyenziselwa ukulandelwa kwe-radioactive ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. I-Scandium ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa amayeza.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-16-2023