Iikhompawundi ezibalulekileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo: Ziziphi ukusetyenziswa kwe-yttrium oxide powder?

Iikhompawundi ezibalulekileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo: Ziziphi ukusetyenziswa kwe-yttrium oxide powder?

Umhlaba onqabileyo ngumthombo obaluleke kakhulu weqhinga, kwaye unendima engenakubuyiselwa kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. Iglasi yemoto, iresonance yemagnethi yenyukliya, i-optical fiber, i-liquid crystal display, njl.njl. azohlukananga nokongezwa komhlaba onqabileyo. Phakathi kwazo, i-yttrium (Y) yenye yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zentsimbi kwaye luhlobo lwentsimbi engwevu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu kwi-crust yomhlaba, ixabiso lincinci kwaye lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Kwimveliso yangoku yentlalontle, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimeko ye-yttrium alloy kunye ne-yttrium oxide.

Yttrium Metal
Phakathi kwabo, i-yttrium oxide (Y2O3) iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu i-yttrium compound. I-insoluble emanzini kunye ne-alkali, i-soluble kwi-asidi, kwaye inokubonakala kwe-crystalline powder emhlophe (isakhiwo se-crystal singokwenkqubo ye-cubic). Inozinzo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali kwaye iphantsi kwevacuum. Ukuguquguquka okuphantsi, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokubola, i-dielectric ephezulu, ukucaca (i-infrared) kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo, ngoko ke isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezininzi. Zeziphi ezona zikhethekileyo?Makhe sijonge.

Isakhiwo sekristale se-yttrium oxide

01 I-synthesis ye-yttrium ezinzile i-zirconia powder. Olu tshintsho lulandelayo lwesigaba luya kwenzeka ngexesha lokupholisa i-ZrO2 ecocekileyo ukusuka kwiqondo eliphezulu ukuya kwiqondo lokushisa: isigaba se-cubic (c) → isigaba se-tetragonal (t) → isigaba se-monoclinic (m), apho i-t iya kwenzeka nge-1150 ° C →m utshintsho lwesigaba, ehamba kunye nokwandiswa komthamo malunga ne-5%. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indawo ye-t→m yenguqu yesigaba se-ZrO2 izinzile kwiqondo lokushisa, i-t→m yenguqu yesigaba ibangelwa uxinzelelo ngexesha lokulayisha. , ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezibonakalayo zibonise amandla aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga okuqhekeka, ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezibonakalayo zibonise ukuqina kwe-fracture ephezulu ngokungaqhelekanga, okubangelwa ukuqina kokuguqulwa kwesigaba, kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu. ngesondo.

Ukufezekisa utshintsho lwesigaba sokuqina kwe-zirconia ceramics, i-stabilizer ethile kufuneka yongezwe kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokudubula, i-high-temperature stable-tetragonal meta-stabilization kwiqondo lokushisa, ifumana isigaba se-tetragonal esinokuthi siguqulwe kwiqondo lokushisa. . Yimpembelelo yokuzinzisa ye-stabilizers kwi-zirconia. Y2O3 yeyona zirconium oxide stabilizer ephandwe kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.Isintered Y-TZP imathiriyeli ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle kokwaphuka, kunye nobungakanani bezinto eziziinkozo ezidityanisiweyo zincinci kwaye zifana, ngoko yatsala ingqalelo engakumbi. 02 Izincedisi zokuntywila Ukuntywiliselwa kweeseramikhi ezininzi ezikhethekileyo kufuna intatho-nxaxheba yezixhobo zokucoca. Indima yezixhobo zokuncedisa i-sintering ingahlulwa ngokubanzi ibe ngamacandelo alandelayo: ukwenza isisombululo esiqinileyo kunye ne-sinter;Thintela i-crystal form form; inqanda ukukhula kweenkozo zekristale; ukuvelisa isigaba solwelo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-sintering ye-alumina, i-magnesium oxide MgO ihlala yongezwa njenge-microstructure stabilizer ngexesha lenkqubo ye-sintering. Iyakwazi ukucokisa iinkozo, inciphise kakhulu umahluko kumandla omda wengqolowa, yenza buthathaka i-anisotropy yokukhula kweenkozo, kwaye inqanda ukukhula okuziinkozo okuDiscontinuous. Kuba iMgO iguquguquka kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezilungileyo, iYttrium oxide ihlala ixutywa neMgO. I-Y2O3 inokucokisa iinkozo zekristale kwaye ikhuthaze ukuxinana kwe-sintering. I-03YAG i-powder synthetic yttrium aluminium garnet (Y3Al5O12) i-compound eyenziwe ngumntu, akukho zimbiwa zendalo, ezingenambala, ubunzima be-Mohs bunokufikelela kwi-8.5, i-melting point 1950 ℃, i-insoluble kwi-sulfuric acid, i-hydrochloric acid, i-nitric acid, i-hydrofluoric acid, njl. ubushushu obuphezulu indlela yesigaba esiqinileyo yindlela yemveli yokulungiselela umgubo we-YAG.Ngokomlinganiselo ofunyenwe kumzobo wesigaba sebhinari ye-yttrium oxide kunye ne-aluminium oxide, i-powders ezimbini zixutywe kwaye zitshiswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kwaye i-YAG powder yenziwe ngokuqinileyo. -kwisigaba sokusabela phakathi kweeoksidi. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa, ekuphenduleni kwe-alumina kunye ne-yttrium oxide, i-mesophases YAM kunye ne-YAP iya kwenziwa kuqala, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-YAG iya kwenziwa.

Indlela yenqanaba eliphezulu lobushushu obuqinileyo bokulungiselela i-YAG powder inezicelo ezininzi. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bayo be-Al-O bond buncinci kwaye amandla ebhondi aphezulu. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo ze-electron, ukusebenza kwe-optical kugcinwa kuzinzile, kwaye ukungeniswa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-luminescence ye-phosphor.Kwaye i-YAG ingaba yi-phosphor nge-doping kunye ne-trivalent ion zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-Ce3 + kunye ne-Eu3 +. Ukongeza, ikristale ye-YAG inokuhleleka okuhle, izinzile kakhulu emzimbeni kunye neepropathi zekhemikhali, amandla omatshini aphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokunyuka kwe-thermal. Yinto ye-laser crystal material enoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Ikristale ye-YAG 04 i-ceramic yttrium oxide ecacileyo ibisoloko iyingqwalasela yophando kwinkalo yeeseramikhi ezicacileyo. Yeyona nkqubo ye-cubic crystal kwaye ineempawu ze-isotropic ze-axis nganye. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-anisotropy ye-alumina ecacileyo, umfanekiso uphazamiseka kancinci, ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe, uye waxabiswa kwaye waphuhliswa ngamalensi aphezulu okanye iifestile zemikhosi yempi. Iimpawu eziphambili zeempawu zayo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zezi: ①Indawo yokunyibilika ephezulu,Uzinzo lwekhemikhali kunye nefotochemical lulungile, kunye noluhlu lwe-optical transparency lubanzi (0.23~8.0μm); ②Kwi-1050nm, i-index yayo ye-refractive iphezulu njenge-1.89, eyenza ibe ne-theory transmittance engaphezu kwe-80%; ③Y2O3 inokwaneleyo ukuhlalisa uninzi Umsantsa webhendi ukusuka kwibhendi yokuqhuba enkulu ukuya kwibhendi yevalence yomgangatho wokukhupha we-trivalent i-ion zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinokulungelelaniswa ngokusebenzayo ngedoping yeeyoni zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.ukuze kuqondwe usetyenziso oluninzi lwesicelo sayo. ; ④Amandla ephonon aphantsi, kwaye ubuninzi bayo bokunqunyulwa kwe-phonon frequency malunga ne-550cm-1. Amandla ephonon aphantsi angakwazi ukucinezela amathuba okutshintshela okungekho imitha, ukwandisa amathuba okutshintshwa kwemitha, kunye nokuphucula i-luminescence quantum Efficiency; ⑤I-thermal conductivity ephezulu, malunga ne-13.6W/(m·K), i-thermal conductivity ephezulu igqithise kakhulu

kubalulekile kuyo njengento eqinileyo laser medium material.

Iiseramikhi zeYttrium oxide ezibonisa ukukhanya ziphuhliswe yiKamishima Chemical Company yaseJapan

Indawo yokunyibilika ye-Y2O3 imalunga ne-2690 ℃, kwaye iqondo lobushushu le-sintering kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi limalunga ne-1700 ~ 1800℃. Ukwenza ii-ceramics zokuhambisa ukukhanya, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-hot pressing kunye ne-sintering. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, i-Y2O3 i-ceramics ebonakalayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye inokuthi iphuhliswe, kubandakanywa: iifestile ze-missile infrared kunye ne-domes, iilensi ezibonakalayo kunye ne-infrared, izibane zokukhupha igesi ephezulu, i-ceramic scintillators, iilaser ze-ceramic kunye nezinye iindawo.