I-Praseodziyoide Oxide,Ifomula yemolekyulaPr6o11, ubunzima bemolekyuli 1021.44.
Ingasetyenziswa kwiglasi, i-metallggy, kunye nesongezo somgubo weFluorescent. I-raseodymium oxide yenye yeemveliso ezibalulekileyo ekukhanyeniIimveliso zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.
Ngenxa yepropathi yayo eyahlukileyo yomzimba kunye nekhemikhali, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimihlaba enjengeekhreyithi, iglasi, i-sutalls enqabileyo, umhlaba onqabileyo, izinto ezinqabileyo, kunye nethemba elithembisayo.
Ukusukela ngonyaka we-1990s, itekhnoloji yemveliso yaseTshayina kunye nezixhobo ze-rasehedymium oxide yenze uphuculo olubonakalayo kunye nophuculo, ngemveliso ekhawulezileyo kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ayisiyiyo kuphela i-inted kuphela ivoti yesakhiwo sasekhaya kunye neemfuno zentengiso, kodwa kukho nenani elibonakalayo lokuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe. Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji yangoku yaseTshayina, iimveliso kunye nemveliso ye-rasehedymium oxide, kunye nemfuno yokubonelela kwiimakethi zasekhaya nezangaphandle, ziphakathi kwimveliso enye emhlabeni.
Iipropathi
Umgubo omnyama, ukungcungcutheka kwe-6.88G / CM3, inqaku lokunyibilika 2042 ℃, inqaku lokubilisa 3760 ℃. I-insolline emanzini, inyibilikiswe kwi-acids ukuba iyokwenza iityuwa ezincitshisiweyo. Ukuqhutywa okuhle.
Synthesis
1. Indlela yokwahlula imichiza. Ibandakanya indlela ye-rystal yokukhupha, indlela yokuqhekezwa kwendlela kunye nendlela ye-oxidation. Okwangoku wahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe koohluko kukukrokrela kwe-crystal yomhlaba onqabileyo. Ukwahlukana kusekwe kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zevoti zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezinzima. Le yokugqibela yahlulwe ngokusekelwe kwi-oxidation ye-tr3 + eTetravatery Pr4 +. Ezi ndlela zintathu azifakwanga kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso ngenxa yenqanaba labo lokufumana umhlaba eliphantsi, iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, imisebenzi enzima, iziphumo eziphantsi, kunye neendleko eziphezulu.
2. Indlela yokwahlula. Kubandakanya indlela yokukhupha i-subtion shrintations kunye ne-SAUNTOFIOFIOD P-507 indlela yokwahlukaniselwano. Owangaphambili usebenzisa i-Dypa i-Dypa kunye ne-N-263 ukukhupha kwaye bahlukane ne-praneodymuium kwinkqubo ye-nitrium ye-neodium ye-rasehedymium, okukhokelela kwi-98% ye-98% ye-98%. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkqubo entsonkothileyo, ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kweearhente ezinzima, kunye neendleko zemveliso ephezulu, ayisetyenziswanga kwimveliso yemizi mveliso. Ezi zinto zimbini zinokuthunyelwa kakuhle kunye nokwahlulahlula i-rasehedymium ene-P-507, zombini eziye zasetyenziswa kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-P-507 yokukhutshwa kwe-praseodymium kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokunciphisa i-P-204, ukuthunyelwa kwe-P-507 kunye nendlela yokwahlula-hlula ngoku isetyenziswa ngoku kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso.
I-3. Indlela yokutshintshiselana i-Ion ayifane isetyenziswe kwimveliso ngenxa yenkqubo yayo emide, i-Wields ephantsi, kodwa imveliso ye-Pr6o11 ≥ 95%, kunye nemveliso nganye yezixhobo iphantsi.
1) Ukuveliswa kweemveliso ze-rasehedmium usebenzisa indlela yotshintshiselwano lwe-ion: usebenzisa i-rasedymium neodium ye-raseodymium eneempawu ze-raseodymuum (PR, ND) 2cl3 njengezixhobo eziluhlaza. Ilungiselelwe kwisisombululo sokondla (i-PR, PR, ND) CLA3 kwaye ilayishwe kwikholamu ye-adsorction kwi-adsorb umhlaba onqabileyo. Xa uxinzelelo lwesisombululo somhlaba esingenayo luyafana nokugxilwa kwezangaphandle, i-adsorvo yomhlaba igqityiwe kwaye ilinde inkqubo elandelayo oza kuyisebenzisa. Emva kokulayisha ikholamu kwi-cudic resin, isisombululo se-CUSO4-H2SO4 sisetyenziselwa ukuphuma kwikholamu yokulungiselela ikholamu ye-CU + yomhlaba onqabileyo. Emva kokudibanisa ikholamu enye ye-adsorction kunye neekholamu ezintathu zokwahlula, sebenzisa i-EDT A (015m) Ukuhamba kwikholamu yokuqala ye-Adsert (i-leachm). Xa i-neodmium iphuma ekuphumeni kwe Ikholam yokwahlukaniswa kwesithathu ngexesha lokwahlulahlula, inokuqokelelwa ngumamkeli kunye ne-scoclium yesisombululo-nkqubo. Ukuvelisa imveliso ye-pr6o11. Eyona nkqubo iphambili yile ilandelayo: Izinto ezinqabileyo
2) Ukuveliswa kweemveliso ze-rasehedymium usebenzisa indlela yokukhuphela i-P-204: usebenzisa i-lanthan cerium phenedymy (la, ye-LE, PR) njengezixhobo eziluhlaza. Hlanganisa izinto ezingafunekiyo kulwelo, i-SANAPOPE P-204, kwaye yongeze i-kerosene ukwenza isisombululo esikhutshiweyo. Yahlula-hlula amanzi olwenzi kwi-quosedodymium ekhutshiweyo kwitanki elixubeneyo lokucaciswa. Emva koko hlamba ukungcola kwisigaba sezinto eziphilayo, kwaye usebenzise i-HCL yokukhupha i-raseodymium ukuze ufumane isisombululo sePRCL3. I-PROPIPUCE nge-oxlic acid, call, kunye nephakeji yokufumana imveliso ye-rasehedymum. Eyona nkqubo iphambili yile ilandelayo: Izinto ezingafunekiyo → Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo sokondla
3) Ukuveliswa kweemveliso ze-rasehedmium usebenzisa i-P507 yeendlela zokukhuphela i-quseodymium (CO, pr) ivela kumhlaba onqabileyo we-Ionic onqabileyo (Rede ≥ 45%). Emva kokukhuphela i-raseodymuium ngesisombululo somomo olungiselelwe kunye ne-P507 ekhutshiweyo kwitanki yokukhupha, ukungcola kwisigaba sezinto eziphilayo kuhlanjwa nge-HCL. Ekugqibeleni, i-rasedymuum ikhutshwe nge-HCL ukufumana isisombululo esicocekileyo sePRCL3. Ukucaciswa kwe-rasehedymuium nge-oxcid acid, i-CWAPECK, kunye nokupakisha i-Praseodymium yeemveliso. Eyona nkqubo iphambili yile ilandelayo: Izinto ezingafunekiyo → Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo sokondla
4) Ukuveliswa kweemveliso ze-rasehedymium usebenzisa indlela yokukhupha i-P507: I-Lanthanum PraseodyMinde (PR, PR) ifunyenwe njengezixhobo ze-Sichuan ezinqabileyo (i-REOI), kwaye yiyo ilungiselelwe ungene kwi-sokol flue. I-Praseodymuyimu ikhutshwe nge-ANTUNMED ye-SAPIDE I-P507 i-Arder yokukhuphela itanki yokukhupha, kunye nokungcola kwisigaba se-organic zisuswe yi-HCL yokuhlamba. Emva koko, i-HCL yayisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umva kwe-raseodymium yokufumana isisombululo esicocekileyo sePRCL3. Iimveliso ze-rasehedymium ze-rasehedymium zifunyanwa ngokuguqula i-raseodymium nge-oxcalic acid, ibangelwe, kunye nokupakisha. Eyona nkqubo iphambili yile: Izinto ezingafunekiyo
Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yenkqubo ephambili yokuvelisa iimveliso ze-rasehedymium ze-chinahedym yindlela yokukhuphela i-hydrochloric ye-hellrochlori, esele isetyenziswe kwimveliso yemveliso ye-oxcod ye-oxide yomhlaba kwaye iyoyisiphelo sendlela yokuqhubela phambili Umzi mveliso kwihlabathi liphela, ukupapashwa phakathi kweqonga.
Isicelo
1. Isicelo kwiglasi yomhlaba onqabileyo
Emva kokongeza umhlaba onqabileyo we-oxide kubantu obahlukeneyo kwiglasi, imibala eyahlukeneyo yeeglasi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinokwenziwa, njengeglasi eluhlaza, iglasi ye-magneto of optic, kunye nezicelo zazo ze-fibet, kunye nezicelo zazo ze-fibet, kunye nezicelo zazo zangaphambili zisasazwa imihla ngemihla. Emva kongeza i-rasehedymium oxide ukuya kwiglasi, iglasi enemibala eluhlaza inokwenziwa, enexabiso eliphezulu lobugcisa kwaye linokuxelisa namatye e-themstones. Olu hlobo lweglasi lujongeka luhlaza xa luvezwa lilanga eliqhelekileyo, ngelixa iphantse ingenabala phantsi kwekhandlela. Ke ngoko, inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza i-gemstones ye-gesi kunye nokuhonjiswa okuxabisekileyo, ngemibala enomtsalane kunye neempawu ezintle.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwi-ceramics ye-ceramics
I-ox yehlabathi enqabileyo inokusetyenziswa njengeongezelelo kwi-ceramics ukwenza umhlaba onqabileyo we-ceramics ngentsebenzo engcono. Umhlaba onqabileyo phakathi kwabo ungummeli. Isebenzisa izinto ezikhethiweyo ezingafunekiyo kwaye yamkela lula iinkqubo kunye neendlela zokulungisa izinto, ezinokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukwenziwa kwe-ceramics. Inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: i-ceramics esebenzayo kunye ne-ceramac ephezulu yobushushu. Emva kokongeza i-oxide ye-oxdes yomhlaba onqabileyo, banokuphucula ukona, ukungcungcutheka, ubume besigaba se-ceramics ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. I-cemaramic yenziwa yi-rasehedymusium oxide njengemonaunts ayichaphazelekanga i-timosferes ngaphakathi kwe-kiln, inomphezulu wemibala eqaqambileyo, inokuphucula uzinzo lomzimba kunye nomgangatho we-ceramics, ukongeza imibala ye-ceramics, yongeza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko. Emva kongeza i-rasehedymium ye-cemaramic pigments kunye ne-qams, i-rasedymulam ye-rasedymium, i-pigsmy ye-ghost ebomvu, i-Injini ye-White Grey, i-Apple Porcelain, njl njl. Olu hlobo lobugcisa lwe-porcelain lunendlela esebenza kakuhle kwaye ithunyelwa ngaphandle, edumezwe phesheya. Ngokweenkcukacha-mali ezichaphazelekayo, ukusetyenziswa kwehlabathi ye-quosehehedymuum Neodysium kwi-ceramics ngaphezulu kweetoni eziliwaka, kwaye ikwangumsebenzisi omkhulu we-rasehedymium oxide. Kulindelwe ukuba kubekho ukukhula okukhulu kwixesha elizayo.
3. Isicelo kwimihlaba enqabileyo yomhlaba onqabileyo
Imveliso yamandla e-magnetic (BH) ye (PR, i-PR, i-MS) I-M = 27mg θ e (216K J2) M kwi-40mg θ e (320k J / M3). Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kweMagnets evelisiweyo esisigxina isenezicelo ezinokubakho kuzo zozibini kumashishini avela kwimizi-mveliso kunye noluntu.
I-4. Isicelo kwezinye iindawo ukwenza amavili okugaya i-gesum griting.
Kwisiseko secuba emhlophe, ukongeza malunga ne-0.25% ye-raseodymium ye-raseodymium ye-neodium kunokwenza amavili anqabileyo anqabileyo, ukuphucula indlela yabo yokugaya. Yandisa inani lokugaya ngama-30% ukuya kwi-100%, kwaye kabini ubomi benkonzo. I-Praseodymium Oxide ineempawu ezintle zePoliling zezinto ezithile, ukuze isetyenziswe njengento yokuphumeza kwimisebenzi yokuphola. Iqulethe malunga ne-7.5% ye-raseodymium kwi-rimerium esekwe kwi-cirium ye-cieium esekwe kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiiglasi zokukhanya, iimveliso zensimbi, iglasi ye-thebhu, kunye neetyhubhu zeTV. Iziphumo zokushicilela zilungile kwaye ivolumu yesicelo inkulu, leyo ibe yipowder ephambili e-China okwangoku. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwe-petroleum yokuqhekeza i-petroleum inokuphucula umsebenzi wengozi, kwaye inokusetyenziswa njengezongezo ze-steeded, ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ye-rasehedymusium, ngokusetyenziswa kwe-goseodymium ihlala isetyenziswa ngaphandle uhlobo olunye lwe-rasehedymium oxide. Kuqikelelwa ukuba le meko iya kuqhubeka kwixesha elizayo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-26-2023