I-neodiyoum yenye yezona zixhobo zisebenzayo zomhlaba onqabileyo

Ngo-1839, iSweden Cgmosander yafumanisa umxube we-lanthanum (LAN) kunye ne-rasehedymuum (pu) kunye ne-neodmium (nǚ).

Emva koko, oochwephesha bozuki kwihlabathi liphela bafumana ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukwahlula izinto ezintsha ezivela kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.

Ngo-1885, i-AVWELSBAC, i-Austrian, efunyenwe kwi-rasehedymuum kunye ne-rasehedymuum kunye nomxube we-rasehedymium kunye ne-neodimium ethathwe yi mossander njenge "izinto ezintsha". Omnye wabo wabizwa ngokuba yi-neddium, eyathi yenziwa lula kwi-neodimuum. Isimboli ye-ND yi-neodium.

I-nehediyoum, i-rasedymuum, iGadolinium (Gá) kunye neSarim (Shan) zahlulwe kwi-medium, eyathathwa njengeyona nto inqabileyo yelo xesha. Ngenxa yokufumanisa kwabo, i-hidyymy ayisagcinwanga. Kukufumanisa kwabo kwabo okuvula umnyango wesithathu ekufumaneni izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwaye linqanaba lesithathu lokufunyanwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Kodwa esi sisiqingatha somsebenzi kwisigaba sesithathu.Ngerey, isango le-Criium kufuneka livulwe okanye ligqitywe i-cerium, kwaye elinye icala kufuneka livulwe okanye ligqitywe i-YTTRIUM eligqityiweyo.

I-neodiyoum, isimboli yekhemikhali i-slish, yenye yezona zinyithi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, ngokunyibilika kwe-1024 ° C, uxinzelelo lwe-7.004 g /㎝, kunye neParamagnetism.

Usetyenziso oluphambili:

I-neodiyoum iba yindawo eshushu emarikeni iminyaka emininzi ngenxa yesikhundla sayo esibonakalayo kwicandelo lehlabathi elinqabileyo. Owona msebenzisi mkhulu wensimbi ye-neodium yi-NDFOG yeZinto ezisisigxina. Ukufika kwemagnethi ye-NDINEB esisigxina ye-thnets inamathele kubuchule obutsha kwicandelo leTekhnoloji enqabileyo. I-nyanirnet ibizwa ngokuba yi "ngukumkani osisigxina" ngenxa yemveliso yamandla ayo ephezulu ye-magnetic.it isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-elektroniki, oomatshini kunye namanye amashishini entsebenzo ebalaseleyo.

I-nehedysium ikwasetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezingengobuhlungu. Ukongeza i-1.5-2.5% Negsium okanye i-Aluminium Alloy inokuphucula umsebenzi wobushushu obuphezulu, ukuqina komoya kunye nokunganyangeki komoya kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-ALTEY, kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengezixhobo ze-aerospace.

Ukongeza, i-neodmium ye-nettrium ye-geminum ganum ivelisa i-lave-waves ye-wawer beam, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-welding kunye nokusika izixhobo ezincinci ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-10mm.

Kunyango lonyango, i-ND: I-Yag Laser isetyenziselwa ukususa ugqirha okanye inxeba le-dism I-neodiyoum ikwasetyenziselwa ukufaka imibala yeglasi kunye ne-ceramic kunye ne-ansorive yeemveliso zerabha.

Ngophuhliso lwesayensi kunye netekhnoloji kunye nokwandiswa kunye nokongezwa kwesayensi yomhlaba onqabileyo kunye netekhnoloji, i-neodimuum, i-neodium iya kuba nendawo yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

I-Neodmium (i-ND) yintsimbi enqabileyo yomhlaba. Ityheli etyheli, ngokulula

Ngokuzalwa kwe-rasehedymuum, ne-nedimium yangena. Ukufika kwe-neodiyoum kwenza intsimi yomhlaba enqabileyo, idlale indima ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yomhlaba onqabileyo, kwaye ichaphazele imarike yehlabathi elinqabileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-neodiyoum: isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-ceramics, iglasi ekhanyayo, iruby ye-arby eLaser kunye neglasi ekhethekileyo ekwaziyo ukucoca imitha. Isetyenziswe kunye ne-raseodymium yokwenza amaglasi kwiglasi. Isinyithisi seMich esetyenziswe ekuthini sinokufika sine-18% ye-neodium.

I-Neodimium Oxide ND2 O3; Ubunzima bemolekyuli ngu-336.40; I-lavender ipowder eqinileyo, kulula ukuba ichaphazeleke kunye ne-carbon diokside emoyeni, i-insuble emanzini, inyibilikisi kwi-Inorganic Acid. Ukuxinana kwesihlobo yi-7.24. Inqaku lokunyibilika limalunga ne-1900 ℃, kwaye i-valing ephezulu ye-neodile ye-neoditium inokwenziwa ngokuyinxenye ngokufudumelwa emoyeni.

Ukusetyenziswa: isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezisisigxina zemagnet, ii-colorants zeglasi kunye ne-ceramics kunye nezixhobo ze-laser.

I-Nanometer Neodmium Oxide isetyenziselwa ukwenza imibala yeglasi kunye ne-ceramic, iimveliso zerabha kunye nokongezwa.

I-PR-nyibilithi; Ifomula yemolekyuli yi-pr-ny; Iipropathi: ibhloko yentsimbi yesilivere, i-metallic luster, ngokulula i-oxid air. Injongo: ikakhulu isetyenziswa njengezinto ezisisigxina zemagnethi.

Unyango oluzikhuselayo lube nokucaphuka okuqinileyo emehlweni kunye ne-mucous membrane, ukucaphukisa okuphakathi kolusu, kwaye ukuphefumla kunokubangela i-galorism kunye nomonakalo wesibindi.

Into yentshukumo:

Ukucaphuka kwamehlo, ulusu, i-mucous membrane kunye nephecana lokuphefumla.

Isisombululo:

I-1. I-inhalation: Shiya indawo kumoya omtsha. Ukuba ukuphefumla kunzima, nika ioksijini. Funa unyango.

2. Ukunxibelelana kwamehlo: Phakamisa i-eyelid kunye ne-hinse kunye namanzi abalekayo okanye ibhalisine yesiqhelo. Funa unyango.

3. Qhagamshela uNxibelelwano: Susa iimpahla ezingcolisekileyo kwaye uhlambe ngamanzi abalekayo.

4. Ukutya: Sela amanzi amaninzi afudumeleyo ukuze ahlambe. Funa unyango.

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