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Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | ierbium (Er)
Ngowe-1843, uMossander waseSweden wafumanisa ielement element erbium. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-erbium zivelele kakhulu, kunye nokukhutshwa kokukhanya kwi-1550mm ye-EP +, ehlala ixhalabile, inokubaluleka okukhethekileyo kuba lo bude be-wavelength bubekwe ngokuchanekileyo kwi-perturbation ephantsi ye-optic ...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | Icerium (Ce)
I element 'cerium' yafunyanwa yaze yabizwa ngo-1803 ngu-German Klaus, i-Swedes Usbzil, kunye ne-Hessenger, kwinkumbulo ye-asteroid Ceres eyafunyanwa ngo-1801. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-cerium kunokushwankathelwa kakhulu kule miba ilandelayo. (1) I-Cerium, njengesongezo seglasi, inokufunxa i-ultravio...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | IHolmium (Ho)
Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19, ukufunyanwa kohlalutyo lwe-spectroscopic kunye nokupapashwa kweetheyibhile ze-periodic tables, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kweenkqubo zokwahlula i-electrochemical element ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, kwakhuthaza ngakumbi ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezintsha ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Ngowe-1879, uCliff waseSweden...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | Dysprosium (Dy)
Ngo-1886, umFrentshi uBoise Baudelaire wahlula ngempumelelo i-holmium kwizinto ezimbini, enye isabizwa ngokuba yi-holmium, kwaye enye ibizwa ngokuba yi-dysrosium ngokusekelwe kwintsingiselo "enzima ukuyifumana" kwi-holmium (Amanani 4-11). I-Dysprosium okwangoku idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kubaninzi ...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | I-Terbium (Tb)
Ngo-1843, uKarl G. Mosander waseSweden wafumanisa i-element terbium ngophando lwakhe kwi-yttrium earth. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-terbium ubukhulu becala kubandakanya imimandla yobugcisa obuphezulu, obunzulu betekhnoloji kunye nolwazi olunzulu lweeprojekthi zokusika, kunye neeprojekthi ezinenzuzo enkulu yezoqoqosho...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | i-gadolinium (Gd)
Ngomnyaka we-1880, uG.de Marignac waseSwitzerland wahlula i-"samarium" kwizinto ezimbini, enye yazo yaqinisekiswa nguSolit ukuba ibe yisamarium kwaye enye into yaqinisekiswa luphando lukaBois Baudelaire. Ngo-1886, uMarignac wabiza le nto intsha ngokuthi yi-gadolinium ngokuhlonipha isazi samachiza saseDatshi uGa-do Linium, owathi ...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba | I-EU
Kwi-1901, u-Eugene Antole Demarcay wafumanisa into entsha evela kwi "samarium" waza wayibiza ngokuba yi-Europium. Oku mhlawumbi kuthiywe ngegama elithi Yurophu. Ininzi ye-europium oxide isetyenziselwa i-fluorescent powders. I-Eu3+ isetyenziswa njenge-activator ye-phosphors ebomvu, kwaye i-Eu2+ isetyenziselwa i-phosphors eluhlaza. Okwangoku,...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | eSamarium (Sm)
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | ISamarium (Sm) Ngo-1879, uBoysbaudley wafumanisa into entsha enqabileyo yomhlaba kwi-"praseodymium neodymium" efunyenwe kwi-niobium yttrium ore, wayibiza ngokuba yi-samarium ngokwegama lale ore. ISamarium ngumbala otyheli okhanyayo kwaye yimathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenza iSamari...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | ILanthanum (La)
Into ethi 'lanthanum' yathiywa ngo-1839 xa ummi waseSweden ogama linguMossander wafumanisa ezinye izinto kumhlaba wedolophu. Uboleke igama lesiGrike elithi 'ifihliweyo' ukubiza le nto 'lanthanum'. I-Lanthanum isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, njengezinto ze-piezoelectric, izinto ze-electrothermal, i-thermoelec ...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | I-Neodymium (Nd)
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | I-Neodymium (Nd) Ngokuzalwa kwe-praseodymium element, i-elementi ye-neodymium nayo yavela. Ukufika kwento ye-neodymium yenze intsimi enqabileyo yomhlaba, yadlala indima ebalulekileyo kumhlaba onqabileyo, kwaye yalawula intengiso yomhlaba enqabileyo. I-Neodymium iye yaba yindawo ephezulu eshushu...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Into yomhlaba enqabileyo | iyttrium (Y)
Ngo-1788, uKarl Arrhenius, igosa laseSweden elalifunda i-chemistry kunye ne-mineralogy kunye nokuqokelela ores, wafumana amaminerali amnyama anembonakalo ye-asphalt namalahle kwidolophana yaseYtterby ngaphandle kweStockholm Bay, ebizwa ngokuba yiYtterbit ngokwegama lendawo. Ngowe-1794, iqela laseFinland...Funda ngokugqithisileyo -
Indlela yokutsalwa kwesinyibilikisi kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba
Indlela yokutsalwa kwe-solvent Indlela yokusebenzisa izinyibilikisi ze-organic ukukhupha kunye nokwahlula i-substance ekhutshwe kwisisombululo se-aqueous immiscible ibizwa ngokuba yi-organic solvent liquid-liquid extraction method, efinyeziweyo njengendlela yokutsalwa kwe-solvent. Yinkqubo yodluliselo lwesininzi ehambisa isub...Funda ngokugqithisileyo