Ukuze kuphunyezwe isicwangciso sokwenza ilizwe eliqinileyo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezintsha, urhulumente uye waseka iqela elikhokelayo ekuphuhliseni imboni entsha yezinto eziphathekayo. UMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye nobuChwepheshe boLwazi, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe, iSebe lezeNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe, kunye neSebe lezeMali ngokuhlangeneyo bakhuphe iSikhokelo soPhuhliso loShishino lweZixhobo eziNtsha, ethe yangenisa ixesha elitsha lamathuba ophuhliso lobuchule. Ukujongana namathuba amatsha, Njengesixhobo esikhethekileyo esisebenzayo, ukubamba njani uphuhliso lwezixhobo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, umbhali ucacisa ngokweenkcukacha intsingiselo esisiseko kunye neempawu "zomsebenzi womhlaba onqabileyo +", yintoni kwaye njani "+"umsebenzi womhlaba onqabileyo, njl.
Izinto ezintsha zibhekisela kwizinto ezintsha ezisebenza kakuhle okanye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo, okanye izinto eziphuculweyo zokusebenza okanye imisebenzi emitsha emva kokuba izinto zemveli ziphuculwe. Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinemisebenzi ekhethekileyo efana ne-magnetism, ukukhanya, umbane, i-catalysis kunye nokugcinwa kwe-hydrogen, kwaye inokongezwa kwizinto zemveli ezifana nentsimbi, i-aluminium, i-magnesium, iglasi kunye neekeramics ukuphucula ukusebenza okanye ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha zokusebenza.Ishishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo. kufuneka athabathe amathuba amatsha ophuhliso lwembali, ahlangabezane nemingeni emitsha kwaye afezekise amaphupha amatsha, oko kukuthi, azame ukufezekisa umbono omkhulu obekwe nguComrade Deng Xiaoping, umyili oyintloko wohlaziyo nokuvulwa kweTshayina. phezulu, "Kukho ioli kuMbindi Mpuma kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo e-China, ngoko ke kufuneka senze umsebenzi omhle kwimicimbi yomhlaba enqabileyo kwaye sinikeze ukudlala ngokupheleleyo kwiinzuzo zomhlaba onqabileyo eChina", ukuze iintyatyambo zemisebenzi yomhlaba enqabileyo inokudubula.Yenza "isenzo somhlaba onqabileyo +" sibe ngamandla amatsha ekinetic kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe.
Okokuqala, iimpawu ezisisiseko zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.
Umhlaba onqabileyo waziwa ngokuba "yintanda" yezinto ezintsha ezisebenzayo kwinkulungwane yama-21. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yayo ekhethekileyo efana ne-physics, i-electrochemistry, imagnetism, ukukhanya kunye nombane, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi. Umhlaba onqabileyo uneengenelo zomthombo wonikezelo olunyiniweyo, umthamo wemalike enkulu yehlabathi, iqondo eliphantsi lokuthatha indawo yokusebenza kunye neqondo eliphezulu lezixhobo zomkhosi zokhuselo lwesizwe. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha yokonga amandla kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuxhomekeka koluntu lwale mihla kwizinto ezinqabileyo ezisebenzayo kuyanda, kwaye sele isetyenziswa kuqoqosho lwesizwe nakwisayensi yanamhlanje. Imihlaba enqabileyo idweliswe njengemithombo yobuchule ngamazwe amaninzi. Kwi-2006, phakathi kwe-35 yezinto eziphezulu ze-tech-tech ezibhengezwe liSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US, iintlobo ze-16 zazo zonke izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ngaphandle kwe-promethium (izinto ezenziwe ngobuchule kunye ne-radioactive element) zibandakanyiwe, zibalelwa kwi-45.7% yazo zonke izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Izinto ezingama-26 zobuchwephesha obuphezulu ezikhethwe liSebe leSayensi neTekhnoloji laseJapan, i-16 yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zibandakanyiwe, zibalelwa kwi-61.5%. Amazwe ehlabathini lonke aqhuba ngamandla uphando kwitekhnoloji yokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinqabileyo ezisebenzayo zomhlaba, kwaye kukho impumelelo entsha ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto ezinqabileyo zokusebenza emhlabeni phantse kwiminyaka eyi-3 ~ 5.
Isicwangciso sobutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo sibonakaliswa ikakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo kunye nemisebenzi yokusetyenziswa kufuneka zidibaniswe ngokusondeleyo. Indlela yokuphuhlisa ngokwenzululwazi kunye nokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo imisebenzi yesicelo yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba iye yaba ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo wenzululwazi enqabileyo yomhlaba kunye nabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ngakumbi iimpawu ezintathu ezisisiseko zomhlaba onqabileyo, ezizezi "iipropati ezintathu" :Isicwangciso sezibonelelo, ukusebenza kweziqalelo kunye nokwandiswa kwemisebenzi yesicelo;Eyesibini kukuqonda ngakumbi nokubamba umthetho osisiseko wophuhliso nokusebenza kwawo.
Imiba yeqhinga kubutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo. Umhlaba onqabileyo ngumthombo weqhinga ongahlaziyekiyo. Umhlaba onqabileyo ligama eliqhelekileyo lezinto ezili-17. Imithombo yayo yamaminerali isasazwa ngokubanzi kwindalo, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwezinto kuyahluka. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukomeleza ngakumbi ulawulo lwezenzululwazi lwemithombo yomhlaba enqabileyo, inokwahlulwa ngokurhabaxa ibe bubuchule, ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye iqheleke, kwaye ibekwe emgangathweni ngokwesayensi ngokwezinto, iindidi kunye nemisebenzi, ukuze kudalwe imeko yentengiso entle elungele Ulwabiwo olunengqiqo lobutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo kwimarike, nokuqonda ubunye bendalo bophuhliso lwengqiqo nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kobutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo.
Kumsebenzi wezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kufuneka zicocwe. Amakhonkco emveliso yobutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo obufana nokwembiwa kwemigodi, ukusetyenzwa kwezimbiwa, ukwahlula ukunyibilikisa kunye nokunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi yinkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ezikrwada. Iimveliso eziphambili ziimveliso eziphambili ezinje ngeeoksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, iikloridi, iintsimbi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunye nealloyi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zento enye, engekabonakalisi umsebenzi wezinto zazo, kodwa inempembelelo enkulu kwizinto ezisebenzayo emva kokucubungula nzulu. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela uphuhliso olulandelayo olusebenzayo lwezixhobo, kuyimfuneko ukucokisa ukuveliswa kwezinto, ukuphucula ukucoceka kwemveliso, ukwandisa ubungakanani besayizi ye-particle kunye nezinye izikhombisi zekhwalithi ezisebenzayo, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ixabiso lemveliso kunye nomsebenzi wesicelo. inqanaba lento enye yomhlaba enqabileyo.
Ekwandisweni komsebenzi wesicelo somhlaba onqabileyo.Izinto ezisebenzayo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kufuneka ziphuhliswe zibe zizixhobo ezisebenzayo kunye nemveliso yesicelo.Ukuthatha izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina zemagnethi njengomzekelo, yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-industry chain isuka kwiintsimbi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ukuya kwi-slitting strip, imagnethi. umgubo, i-sintering (okanye i-bonding), engenanto, ukusetyenzwa, izixhobo, njl.njl ekusebenziseni izixhobo ezitsha ezisebenzayo, ikwayinkqubo yokuphuhlisa nokuphucula izixhobo zokusebenza zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, ezibonisa ngokupheleleyo inqanaba lolawulo lwezenzululwazi, umgangatho wophuhliso lwemveliso. Okwangoku, amanye amashishini enze inkqubela phambili kule njongo kwaye afikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngokufanelekileyo, umzekelo, umhlaba onqabileyo we-magnetic powder factory iye yanda kwimveliso yobuninzi bee-servo motors ze-CNC izixhobo zomatshini, i-micro ekhethekileyo. Iinjini zeefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisigxina
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-18-2021