Indlela yokutsalwa kwesinyibilikisi
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-organic solvents ukukhupha kunye nokwahlula into ekhutshwe kwisisombululo se-aqueous immiscible ibizwa ngokuba yi-organic solvent liquid-liquid extraction method, efinyeziweyo njengendlela yokukhupha i-solvent. Yinkqubo yogqithiselo lobuninzi ehambisa izinto ukusuka kwisigaba solwelo ukuya kwesinye.
I-solvent extraction isetyenziswe ngaphambili kwishishini le-petrochemical, i-organic chemistry, i-chemistry yamayeza kunye ne-analytical chemistry. Nangona kunjalo, kule minyaka ingama-40 idlulileyo, ngenxa yophuhliso lwenzululwazi yamandla e-athomu kunye nobuchwepheshe, imfuno yemathiriyeli ye-ultrapure kunye nemveliso ye-trace element, ukutsalwa kwe-solvent kuye kwaphuhliswa kakhulu kwishishini le-nuclear fuel, i-metallurgy enqabileyo kunye namanye amashishini.
Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokwahlula ezifana ne-grade grade precipitation, i-crystallization graded, kunye ne-ion exchange, i-solvent extraction inoluhlu lweenzuzo ezifana nefuthe elihle lokuhlukana, umthamo omkhulu wokuvelisa, ukulungelelaniswa kokuveliswa ngokukhawuleza nokuqhubekayo, kunye nokulula ukufikelela kulawulo oluzenzekelayo. Ke ngoko, ngokuthe ngcembe ibe yeyona ndlela iphambili yokwahlula izixa ezikhulu zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.
Izixhobo zokwahlula indlela yokukhupha i-solvent ibandakanya ukuxuba itanki yokucacisa, i-centrifugal extractor, njl. Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca umhlaba onqabileyo zibandakanya: i-cationic extractants emele i-acidic phosphate esters efana ne-P204 kunye ne-P507, i-anion exchange liquid N1923 emelwe yi-amines, kunye ne-solvent extractants. imelwe zii-esters ze-phosphate ezingathathi hlangothi ezifana ne-TBP kunye ne-P350. Ezi zikhupha zine-viscosity ephezulu kunye nobuninzi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlukana namanzi. Idla ngokuxutywa kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe kunye nezinyibilikisi ezifana ne-kerosene.
Inkqubo yotsalo inokwahlulwa ngokubanzi ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili: ukutsalwa, ukuhlamba, kunye nokubuyisela umva ukutsalwa. Iiminerali ekrwada ekrwada iintsimbi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ezisasaziweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-20-2023