Kwihlabathi lomlingo lekhemistri,bariumibisoloko itsala umdla wezazinzulu ngomtsalane wayo okhethekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi. Nangona le nto yentsimbi emhlophe-emhlophe ayikhazimli njengegolide okanye isilivere, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwiinkalo ezininzi. Ukususela kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo kwiibhubhoratri zophando lwezesayensi ukuya kwizinto eziphambili kwimveliso yezoshishino ukuya kwii-reagents zokuxilonga kwintsimi yezonyango, i-barium ibhale i-legend ye-chemistry kunye neempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nemisebenzi.
Kwangowe-1602, uCassio Lauro, umkhandi wezihlangu kwisixeko saseItali iPorra, wosa ibarite ene<em>barium sulfate ngento enokutsha kuvavanyo yaye wothuswa kukufumanisa ukuba inokukhanya ebumnyameni. Oku kufunyaniswayo kwavusa umdla omkhulu phakathi kwabaphengululi ngelo xesha, yaye eli litye lathiywa ilitye lePorra kwaye laba yintloko yophando ngamachiza aseYurophu.
Nangona kunjalo, yayiyikhemisti yaseSweden uScheele oqinisekise ngokwenene ukuba i-barium yayiyinto entsha. Wafumanisa i-barium oxide ngo-1774 waza wayibiza ngokuthi "Baryta" (umhlaba onzima). Wafunda le nto ngobunzulu kwaye wayekholelwa ukuba yenziwe ngumhlaba omtsha (i-oxide) edityaniswe ne-asidi ye-sulfuric. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, wafudumeza ngempumelelo i-nitrate yalo mhlaba mtsha waza wafumana i-oxide ecocekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona u-Scheele wafumanisa i-oxide ye-barium, akuzange kube yi-1808 ukuba i-chemist yaseBrithani uDavy ivelise ngempumelelo i-metallic barium ngokufaka i-electrolyte eyenziwe kwi-barite. Oku kufunyaniswa kwaphawula ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kwe-barium njengento yensimbi, kwaye kwavula uhambo lokusetyenziswa kwe-barium kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukususela ngoko, abantu baye baqhubeka bezama ukuqonda i-barium. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zahlola iimfihlelo zendalo kwaye zakhuthaza inkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye neteknoloji ngokufunda iipropati kunye nokuziphatha kwe-barium. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-barium kuphando lwenzululwazi, ishishini, kunye neenkalo zonyango nako kuye kwanda ngakumbi, kuzisa ubulula kunye nentuthuzelo kubomi bomntu.
I-charm ye-barium ayikho kuphela ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa nakwimfihlelo yesayensi emva kwayo. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zahlola ngokuqhubekayo iimfihlelo zendalo kwaye zikhuthaza inkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye neteknoloji ngokufunda iipropati kunye nokuziphatha kwe-barium. Kwangaxeshanye, i-barium idlala indima ngokuzolileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, izisa lula kunye nentuthuzelo ebomini bethu. Masiqalise kolu hambo lomlingo lokuhlola i-barium, sityhile isigqubuthelo sayo esingaqondakaliyo, kwaye sixabise umtsalane wayo okhethekileyo. Kwinqaku elilandelayo, siza kwazisa ngokubanzi iipropati kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-barium, kunye nendima yayo ebalulekileyo kuphando lwezenzululwazi, ishishini kunye neyeza. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ngokufunda eli nqaku, uya kuba nokuqonda okunzulu kwe-barium.
1. Ukusetyenziswa kweBarium
Bariumyinto eqhelekileyo yeekhemikhali. Yintsimbi esiliva-emhlophe ekhoyo kwindalo ngohlobo lweeminerali ezahlukeneyo. Oku kulandelayo kukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kwe-barium.
Ukutshisa kunye nokukhanya: I-Barium yintsimbi esebenzayo kakhulu eyenza ilangatye eliqaqambileyo xa lidibana ne-ammonia okanye i-oksijini. Oku kwenza ukuba i-barium isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini afana ne-fireworks, iiflare, kunye nokuveliswa kwephosphor.
Ishishini lezonyango: Iikhompawundi zeBarium nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lezonyango. Izidlo ze-Barium (ezifana neepilisi ze-barium) zisetyenziselwa iimviwo ze-X-ray zesisu ukunceda oogqirha baqaphele ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokugaya. Iikhompawundi ze-Barium zikwasetyenziswa kunyango oluthile lwe-radioactive, njenge-iodine ye-radioactive kunyango lwe-thyroid isifo.
Iglasi kunye neeseramics: Iikhompawundi zeBarium zisoloko zisetyenziswa kwiglasi kunye nokwenziwa kweseramic ngenxa yendawo entle yokunyibilika kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa. Iikhompawundi ze-Barium zinokuphucula ukuqina kunye namandla e-ceramics kwaye zinokubonelela ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo zeeseramics, ezifana nokugquma kombane kunye nesalathisi esiphezulu se-refractive. I-alloys yesinyithi: I-Barium inokwenza i-alloys kunye nezinye izinto zetsimbi, kwaye ezi ngxube zineempawu ezizodwa. Ngokomzekelo, i-alloys ye-barium inokunyusa indawo yokunyibilika kwe-aluminium kunye ne-magnesium alloys, okwenza kube lula ukuyiqhuba kunye nokuphosa. Ukongeza, ii-alloys ze-barium ezineempawu zamagnetic nazo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iipleyiti zebhetri kunye nezixhobo zamagnetic.
I-Barium yikhemikhali yekhemikhali enophawu lwekhemikhali i-Ba kunye nenombolo ye-athomu 56. I-Barium yintsimbi yomhlaba ye-alkaline kwaye ikwiQela lesi-6 letafile yeperiodic, iqela eliphambili.
2. Iimpawu zeBarium Physical Properties
IBarium (Ba) yintsimbi yealkaline yomhlaba
1. Imbonakalo: I-Barium yintsimbi ethambileyo, emhlophe-esiliva kunye ne-metallic luster eyahlukileyo xa isikiwe.
2. Uxinaniso: IBarium inoxinano oluphezulu malunga ne-3.5 g/cm³. Yenye yeentsimbi ezixineneyo emhlabeni.
3. Amanqaku okunyibilika kunye nokubilisa: IBarium ineqondo lokunyibilika elimalunga ne-727°C kunye neqondo lokubila elimalunga ne-1897°C.
4. Ukuqina: IBarium yintsimbi ethambileyo noko inobulukhuni beMohs obumalunga ne-1.25 kumaqondo angama-20 ngokukaCelsius.
5. I-Conductivity: I-Barium ngumqhubi omhle wombane kunye ne-conductivity ephezulu yombane.
6. I-Ductility: Nangona i-barium iyintsimbi ethambileyo, inomlinganiselo othile we-ductility kwaye inokucutshungulwa ibe ngamashiti amancinci okanye iingcingo.
7. Umsebenzi weMichiza: I-Barium ayifuni ngamandla amaninzi angenayo isinyithi kunye neentsimbi ezininzi kwiqondo lokushisa, kodwa yenza i-oxides kumaqondo aphezulu kunye nomoya. Inokwenza iikhompawundi kunye nezinto ezininzi ezingezizo ezesinyithi, ezinjengeeoxides, iisulfides, njl.
8. Iifom zobukho: Iiminerali eziqulathe i-barium kuqweqwe lomhlaba, ezifana ne-barite (i-barium sulfate), njl.
9. I-Radioactivity: I-Barium ineendidi ze-isotopi ze-radioactive, phakathi kwazo i-barium-133 i-isotope eqhelekileyo ye-radioactive esetyenziswa kwi-imaging yezonyango kunye nezicelo zamayeza enyukliya.
10. Izicelo: I-Barium compounds isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini, njengeglasi, i-rubber, i-catalysts yemveliso yeekhemikhali, iityhubhu ze-electron, njl. I-Barium yinto ebalulekileyo yensimbi eneempawu ezenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi.
3. Iimpawu zeMichiza ye-barium
Iimpawu zesinyithi: I-Barium yintsimbi eqinileyo enenkangeleko esiliva-emhlophe kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kombane.
Ubuninzi kunye nendawo yokunyibilika: I-Barium yinto exineneyo kunye ne-3.51 g / cm3. IBarium ineqondo eliphantsi lokunyibilika elimalunga ne-727 degrees Celsius (1341 degrees Fahrenheit).
I-Reactivity: I-Barium iphendula ngokukhawuleza kunye nezinto ezininzi ezingezona zetsimbi, ngokukodwa nge-halogens (ezifana ne-chlorine kunye ne-bromine), ukuvelisa i-barium compounds ehambelanayo. Umzekelo, i-barium iphendula kunye neklorini ukuvelisa i-barium chloride.
I-Oxidizability: I-Barium inokuthi ifakwe kwi-oxidized ukwenza i-barium oxide. I-Barium oxide isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nokunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi kunye nokuveliswa kweglasi.
Umsebenzi ophezulu: I-Barium inomsebenzi ophezulu weekhemikhali kwaye isabela ngokulula emanzini ukukhulula i-hydrogen kwaye ivelise i-barium hydroxide.
4. Iimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ze-barium
Indima kunye neempawu zezinto eziphilayo ze-barium kwizinto eziphilayo aziqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa iyaziwa ukuba i-barium inetyhefu ethile kwizinto eziphilayo.
Iindlela zokuthatha: Abantu ikakhulu baginya i-barium ngokutya kunye namanzi okusela. Okunye ukutya kusenokuba nezixa ze-barium, ezinje ngeenkozo, inyama, kunye neemveliso zobisi. Ukongezelela, ngamanye amaxesha amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aqulethe iindawo eziphezulu ze-barium.
Ukufunxwa kwebhayoloji kunye nemetabolism: I-Barium inokufunxwa zizinto eziphilayo kwaye isasazwe emzimbeni ngokujikeleza kwegazi. I-Barium ikakhulu iqokelela kwizintso kunye namathambo, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo emathanjeni.
Umsebenzi webhayoloji: I-Barium ayikafunyaniswa ukuba nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi ye-physiological ebalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo. Ngoko ke, umsebenzi webhayoloji we-barium uhlala uphikisana.
5. Iimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ze-barium
Ubuthi: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-barium ion okanye iikhompawundi ze-barium zinetyhefu kumzimba womntu. Ukuthatha i-barium ngokugqithisileyo kunokubangela iimpawu zetyhefu ebukhali, kubandakanywa ukugabha, urhudo, ubuthathaka bezihlunu, i-arrhythmia, njl.
Ukuqokelela kwamathambo: I-Barium inokuqokelela emathanjeni emzimbeni womntu, ngakumbi kubantu abadala. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-barium kunokubangela izifo zethambo ezifana ne-osteoporosis.Imiphumo ye-Cardiovascular: I-Barium, njenge-sodium, inokuphazamisa ibhalansi ye-ion kunye nomsebenzi wombane, ochaphazela umsebenzi wentliziyo. Ukutya ngokugqithisileyo kwe-barium kunokubangela isingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
I-Carcinogenicity: Nangona kusekho ukungqubuzana malunga ne-carcinogenicity ye-barium, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwexesha elide kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-barium kunokunyusa umngcipheko wee-cancer ezithile, ezifana nomhlaza wesisu kunye nomhlaza we-esophageal. Ngenxa yetyhefu kunye nobungozi obunokubakho be-barium, abantu kufuneka balumke ukuphepha ukutya okugqithisileyo okanye ukuvezwa kwexesha elide kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-barium. Ukugxininiswa kweBarium emanzini okusela kunye nokutya kufuneka kubekwe iliso kwaye kulawulwe ukukhusela impilo yabantu. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unetyhefu okanye uneempawu ezinxulumene nayo, nceda ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza.
6. I-Barium kwiNdalo
Iiminerali zeBarium: I-Barium inokufumaneka kuqweqwe lomhlaba ngendlela yeeminerali. Ezinye iiminerali eziqhelekileyo ze-barium ziquka i-barite kunye ne-witherite. Ezi ore zidla ngokufunyanwa nezinye iiminerali, ezifana nelothe, izinc, nesilivere.
Inyibilike kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye namatye: I-Barium inokufumaneka kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye namatye kwindawo enyibilikileyo. Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aqulethe amanani omkhondo we-barium enyibilikileyo, kwaye ukugxininiswa kwayo kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ze-geological kunye neempawu zeekhemikhali zomzimba wamanzi.
Iityuwa zeBarium: I-Barium inokwenza iityuwa ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-barium chloride, i-barium nitrate, kunye ne-barium carbonate. Ezi khompawundi zinokufumaneka kwindalo njengezimbiwa zendalo.
Umxholo emhlabeni: I-Barium inokufumaneka emhlabeni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinye zazo zivela kwiincinci zendalo zamaminerali okanye ukuchithwa kwamatye. I-Barium ngokuqhelekileyo ikhona kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba, kodwa ingabakho kwiindawo eziphezulu kwiindawo ezithile.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubukho kunye nomxholo we-barium unokuhluka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejoloji kunye nemimandla, ngoko ke iimeko ezithile zejografi kunye nezejoloji kufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuxoxwa nge-barium.
7. Imigodi yeBarium kunye nemveliso
Inkqubo yemigodi kunye nokulungiswa kwe-barium idla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
1. Ukumbiwa kwe-barium ore: I-mineral engundoqo ye-barium ore yi-barite, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-barium sulfate. Ngokuqhelekileyo ifumaneka kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwaye isasazwe ngokubanzi ematyeni kunye ne-deposits emhlabeni. Ukwembiwa kwemigodi kudla ngokubandakanya ukuqhushumba, ukwembiwa, ukutyunyuzwa kunye nokuhlelwa kwentsimbi ekrwada ukufumana intsimbi ekrwada enebarium sulfate.
2. Ukulungiswa kogxininiso: Ukukhupha i-barium kwi-barium ore kufuna unyango olugxininisiweyo lwe-ore. Ukulungiselela ukugxila ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukukhetha kwezandla kunye namanyathelo okudada ukuze kususwe ukungcola kunye nokufumana intsimbi ekrwada equlethe ngaphezu kwe-96% ye-barium sulfate.
3. Ukulungiswa kwe-barium sulfate: Ugxininiso luxhomekeke kumanyathelo afana nentsimbi kunye nokususwa kwe-silicon ekugqibeleni ukufumana i-barium sulfate (BaSO4).
4. Ukulungiswa kwe-barium sulfide: Ukuze ulungiselele i-barium kwi-barium sulfate, kuyimfuneko ukuguqula i-barium sulfate ibe yi-barium sulfide, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumlotha omnyama. I-Barium sulfate ore powder ene-particle size ye-particle engaphantsi kwe-20 mesh idla ngokuxutywa namalahle okanye i-petroleum coke powder kumlinganiselo we-4: 1. Umxube wosiwe kwi-1100℃ kwisithando somlilo, kwaye i-barium sulfate iyancitshiswa ibe yi-barium sulfide.
5. Ukuchithwa kwe-barium sulfide: Isisombululo se-barium sulfide se-barium sulfate sinokufumaneka ngokukhupha amanzi ashushu.
6. Ukulungiswa kwe-barium oxide: Ukuze uguqule i-barium sulfide ibe yi-barium oxide, i-sodium carbonate okanye i-carbon dioxide idla ngokufakwa kwisisombululo se-barium sulfide. Emva kokuxuba i-barium carbonate kunye ne-carbon powder, ukubala ngaphezulu kwe-800 ℃ kunokuvelisa i-barium oxide.
7. Ukupholisa kunye nokulungiswa: Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-barium oxide oxidize ukwenza i-barium peroxide kwi-500-700℃, kunye ne-barium peroxide inokubola ukwenza i-barium oxide kwi-700-800℃. Ukuze ugweme ukuveliswa kwe-barium peroxide, imveliso ye-calcined idinga ukupholisa okanye ukucima phantsi kokukhuselwa kwegesi ye-inert.
Oku ngasentla yinkqubo yemigodi jikelele kunye nokulungiswa kwe-barium. Ezi nkqubo zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yoshishino kunye nezixhobo, kodwa umgaqo jikelele uhlala ufana. I-Barium yintsimbi ebalulekileyo yoshishino esetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa imboni yeekhemikhali, iyeza, i-electronics, njl.
8. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokufumanisa i-barium
I-Barium yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye nezesayensi. Kwikhemikhali yohlalutyo, iindlela zokubona i-barium zihlala zibandakanya uhlalutyo lomgangatho kunye nohlalutyo lobungakanani. Oku kulandelayo sisingeniso esineenkcukacha kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zokufumanisa i-barium:
1. I-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS): Le yindlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yokuhlalutya ubungakanani obufanelekileyo kwiisampuli ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Isisombululo sesampulu sifafazwe kwilangatye, kwaye ii-athomu ze-barium zithatha ukukhanya kobude obuthile. Ukuqina kokukhanya okufunliweyo kulinganiswa kwaye kuhambelana nokuxinwa kwe-barium.
2. I-Flame Atomic Emission Spectrometry (FAES): Le ndlela ibona i-barium ngokutshiza isisombululo sesampulu kwilangatye, ivuyisa ii-athomu ze-barium ukuze zikhuphe ukukhanya kobude obuthile. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-FAAS, i-FAES isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukubona ukugxilwa okuphantsi kwe-barium.
3. I-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (AAS): Le ndlela iyafana ne-FAAS, kodwa isebenzisa i-fluorescence spectrometer ukubona ubukho be-barium. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amanani omkhondo we-barium.
4. Ion Chromatography: Le ndlela ifanelekile ukuhlalutya kwe-barium kwiisampuli zamanzi. I-Barium ion ihlukaniswe kwaye ifunyenwe yi-ion chromatograph. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-barium concentration kwiisampuli zamanzi.
5. I-X-ray ye-Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF): Le yindlela yokuhlalutya engonakaliyo ifanelekile ukufunyanwa kwe-barium kwiisampuli eziqinileyo. Emva kokuba isampuli ivuyiswe yi-X-rays, ii-athomu ze-barium zikhupha i-fluorescence ethile, kwaye umxholo we-barium unqunywe ngokulinganisa ubuninzi be-fluorescence.
6. I-Mass Spectrometry: I-mass spectrometry ingasetyenziselwa ukumisela ukubunjwa kwe-isotopic ye-barium kunye nokumisela umxholo we-barium. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziselwa uhlalutyo olubukhali kwaye inokubona ukugxila okuphantsi kakhulu kwe-barium.
Ezi zingentla zezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokubona i-barium. Indlela ekhethekileyo yokukhetha ixhomekeke kubume besampuli, uluhlu loxinaniso lwe-barium, kunye nenjongo yohlalutyo. Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya okanye uneminye imibuzo, nceda uzive ukhululekile undazise. Ezi ndlela zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-laboratory kunye nezicelo zoshishino ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthembekileyo kunye nokufumanisa ubukho kunye nokugxilwa kwe-barium. Indlela ethile yokusetyenziswa ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwesampulu olufuna ukulinganiswa, uluhlu lomxholo we-barium, kunye nenjongo ethile yohlalutyo.
9. Indlela yokufunxa i-atom yokulinganisa i-calcium
Kumlinganiselo wento, indlela yokufunxa i-athomu inokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye novakalelo, kwaye ibonelela ngeendlela ezisebenzayo zokufunda iipropati zekhemikhali, ukubunjwa kwekhompawundi kunye nomxholo.Okulandelayo, sisebenzisa indlela yokufunxa i-athomu ukulinganisa umxholo wezinto. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo: Lungiselela isampulu eza kuvavanywa. Lungiselela isampulu yesiqalelo ukuba ilinganiswe ibe sisisombululo, esifuna ngokubanzi ukuba sityiswe ngeasidi exutyiweyo kumlinganiselo olandelayo.Khetha i-spectrometer efanelekileyo yokufunxa iathom. Ngokweempawu zesampulu eza kuvavanywa kunye noluhlu lwesiqulatho sento ekufuneka ilinganiswe, khetha i-spectrometer efanelekileyo yokufunxa iathomu.
Lungisa iiparameters zespectrometer yokufunxa iathom. Ngokwento ekufuneka ivavanywe kunye nemodeli yesixhobo, hlengahlengisa iiparamitha ze-atomic absorption spectrometer, kubandakanywa nomthombo wokukhanya, i-atomizer, i-detector, njl.
Ukulinganisa ukufunxa kwesiqalelo. Beka isampuli ukuba ivavanywe kwiatomizer, kwaye ukhuphe ukukhanya kwemitha yobude obuthile ngomthombo wokukhanya. Into eza kuvavanywa iyakufunxa ezi mitha zokukhanya kwaye ivelise utshintsho lwenqanaba lamandla. Ukulinganisa ukufunxa kwento yesilivere ngesixhobo sokujonga. Bala umxholo wesiqalelo. Umxholo we-elementi ubalwa ngokusekelwe kwi-absorbence kunye negophe eliqhelekileyo. Oku kulandelayo ziiparamitha ezithile ezisetyenziswa sisixhobo ukulinganisa izakhi.
Umgangatho: ucoceko oluphezulu lwe-BaCO3 okanye i-BaCl2 · 2H2O.
Indlela: Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo i-0.1778g BaCl2 · 2H2O, nyibilika kumlinganiselo omncinci wamanzi, kwaye wenze ngokuchanekileyo ukuya kwi-100mL. I-concentration ye-Ba kwesi sisombululo yi-1000μg / mL. Gcina kwibhotile ye-polyethylene kude nokukhanya.
Uhlobo lomlilo: umoya-acetylene, idangatye elityebileyo.
Iiparamitha zokuhlalutya: Ubude beWavelength (nm) 553.6
I-Spectral bandwidth (nm) 0.2
I-coefficient yesihluzi 0.3
Isibane esicetyiswayo sangoku (mA) 5
Amandla ombane aphezulu angalunganga (v) 393.00
Ubude bentloko yesitshisi (mm) 10
Ixesha lokudibanisa (S) 3
Uxinzelelo lomoya kunye nokuhamba (MPa, mL / min) 0.24
Uxinzelelo lwe-acetylene kunye nokuhamba (MPa, mL/min) 0.05, 2200
Uluhlu lomgca (μg/mL) 3～400
Umgca wolungelelwaniso i-coefficient 0.9967
Ukugxininiswa kophawu (μg/mL) 7.333
Umda wokubona (μg/mL) 1.0RSD(%) 0.27
Indlela yokubala Indlela yokubala
I-acidity yesisombululo 0.5% HNO3
Ifomu yovavanyo:
| NO | Into yokulinganisa | Inombolo yesampulu. | Abs | ugxininiso | SD |
| 1 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba1 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.0002 |
| 2 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba2 | 0.030 | 50.000 | 0.0007 |
| 3 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba3 | 0.064 | 100.000 | 0.0004 |
| 4 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba4 | 0.121 | 200.000 | 0.0016 |
| 5 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba5 | 0.176 | 300.000 | 0.0011 |
| 6 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba6 | 0.240 | 400.000 | 0.0012 |
Ulungelelwaniso lwegophe:
Uhlobo lomlilo: i-nitrous oxide-acetylene, idangatye elityebileyo
.Iiparamitha zokuhlalutya: Ubude bobude: 553.6
I-Spectral bandwidth (nm) 0.2
I-coefficient yesihluzi 0.6
Isibane esicetyiswayo sangoku (mA) 6.0
Amandla ombane aphezulu angalunganga (v) 374.5
Ubude bentloko yokutsha (mm) 13
Ixesha lokudibanisa (S) 3
Uxinzelelo lomoya kunye nokuhamba (MP, mL / min) 0.25, 5100
Uxinzelelo lwe-nitrous oxide kunye nokuhamba (MP, mL / min) 0.1, 5300
Uxinzelelo lwe-acetylene kunye nokuhamba (MP, mL / min) 0.1, 4600
Umgca wolungelelwaniso i-coefficient 0.9998
Ukugxininiswa kophawu (μg/mL) 0.379
Indlela yokubala Indlela yokubala
I-acidity yesisombululo 0.5% HNO3
Ifomu yovavanyo:
| NO | Into yokulinganisa | Inombolo yesampulu. | Abs | ugxininiso | SD | RSD[%] |
| 1 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba1 | 0.005 | 0.0000 | 0.0030 | 64.8409 |
| 2 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba2 | 0.131 | 10.0000 | 0.0012 | 0.8817 |
| 3 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba3 | 0.251 | 20.0000 | 0.0061 | 2.4406 |
| 4 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba4 | 0.366 | 30.0000 | 0.0022 | 0.5922 |
| 5 | Iisampuli eziqhelekileyo | Ba5 | 0.480 | 40.0000 | 0.0139 | 2.9017 |
Ulungelelwaniso lwegophe:
Ukuphazamiseka: I-Barium iphazamiseka kakhulu yi-phosphate, i-silicon kunye ne-aluminium kwi-air-acetylene flame, kodwa ezi ziphazamiso zinokoyiswa kwi-nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. I-80% ye-Ba i-ionized kwi-nitrous oxide-acetylene ilangatye, ngoko ke i-2000μg / mL ye-K + kufuneka yongezwe kumgangatho kunye nezisombululo zesampulu zokucinezela i-ionization kunye nokuphucula ukuvakalelwa. indima ebomini bethu cwaka. Ukususela kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo kwiibhubhoratri zophando lwezenzululwazi ukuya kwizinto ezibonakalayo kwimveliso yezoshishino, ukuya kwii-reagents zokuxilonga kwintsimi yezonyango, i-barium inike inkxaso ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi kunye neempawu zayo ezizodwa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-15-2024