Iyintoni impembelelo yeeoksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwiingubo zeeramic?

I-Ceramics, imathiriyeli yesinyithi kunye nemathiriyeli yepolymer zidweliswe njengezinto ezintathu eziphambili eziqinileyo. I-Ceramic ineepropathi ezininzi ezigqwesileyo, ezinjengokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, njl., kuba imowudi ye-atom yokudibanisa kwi-ceramic yi-ionic bond, ibhondi edibeneyo okanye ibhondi edibeneyo ye-ion-covalent enamandla amakhulu ebhondi. Ukwaleka kweCeramic kunokutshintsha inkangeleko, ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza komphandle we-substrate,I-Coating-substrate composite iyathandwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okutsha. Iyakwazi ukudibanisa ngokwendalo iimpawu zokuqala ze-substrate kunye neempawu zokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu kunye nokumelana okuphezulu kwe-corrosion ye-ceramic, kwaye inike umdlalo opheleleyo kwiingenelo ezibanzi zeentlobo ezimbini zezixhobo, ngoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-aerospace. , inqwelomoya, ukhuselo lwesizwe, ishishini lemichiza kunye namanye amashishini.

Umhlaba onqabileyo ubizwa ngokuba "yindlu yobuncwane" bezinto ezintsha, ngenxa yesakhiwo salo sombane esikhethekileyo se-4f kunye neempawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Nangona kunjalo, iintsimbi ezicocekileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo azifane zisetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo kuphando, kwaye iikhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Iikhompawundi eziqhelekileyo ziyi-CeO2, i-La2O3, i-Y2O3, i-LaF3, i-CeF, i-CeS kunye ne-ferrosilicon enqabileyo yomhlaba.Ezi zixhobo ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinokuphucula isakhiwo kunye neempawu ze-ceramics kunye neengubo ze-ceramic.

Ndifaka iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwizinto ze-ceramic

Ukongeza izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba njengezizinzisi kunye ne-AIDS ye-sintering kwii-ceramics ezahlukeneyo kunokunciphisa ubushushu be-sintering, ukuphucula amandla kunye nokuqina kwezinye ii-ceramics zesakhiwo, kwaye ngoko ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba nazo zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwizinzwa zegesi ye-semiconductor, imidiya ye-microwave, i-piezoelectric ceramics kunye nezinye ii-ceramics ezisebenzayo. Uphando lufumanise ukuba, Ukongeza ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwi-alumina ceramics kunye kungcono kunokongeza i-oksidi yomhlaba enye enqabileyo kwi-alumina ceramics. Emva kovavanyo lokuphucula, i-Y2O3 + CeO2 inesiphumo esihle. Xa i-0.2% Y2O3 + 0.2% CeO2 yongezwa kwi-1490℃, ukuxinwa kweesampuli ze-sintered zingafikelela kwi-96.2%, edlula ubuninzi beesampuli kunye nayo nayiphi na i-oxide yomhlaba enqabileyo i-Y2O3 okanye i-CeO2 yodwa.

Umphumo weLa2O3 + Y2O3, i-Sm2O3 + La2O3 ekukhuthazeni i-sintering ingcono kunokongeza i-La2O3 kuphela, kwaye ukuchasana kokugqoka kuphuculwe ngokucacileyo. Kwakhona kubonisa ukuba ukuxutywa kwee-oksidi ezimbini ezinqabileyo zomhlaba akukona ukongezwa okulula, kodwa kukho intsebenziswano phakathi kwabo, enenzuzo ngakumbi kwi-sintering kunye nokuphuculwa komsebenzi we-alumina ceramics, kodwa umgaqo uhlala ufundwa.

Ukongeza, kufumaniseke ukuba ukongezwa kwee-oxide zetsimbi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezixubileyo njenge-AIDS ye-sintering kunokuphucula ukufuduka kwezinto, ukukhuthaza ukufakwa kwee-ceramics ze-MgO kunye nokuphucula ukuxinana. Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo we-oxide yensimbi edibeneyo ingaphezulu kwe-15%, ukuxinana okuhlobene kuncipha kwaye i-porosity evulekile iyanda.

Okwesibini, impembelelo yee-oxides zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwiipropati zeengubo ze-ceramic

Uphando olukhoyo lubonisa ukuba izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinokucokisa ubungakanani beenkozo, zandise ukuxinana, ziphucule i-microstructure kunye nokucoca ujongano. Idlala indima ekhethekileyo ekuphuculeni amandla, ukuqina, ukuqina, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kweengubo ze-ceramic, eziphucula ukusebenza kweengubo ze-ceramic ukuya kumlinganiselo othile kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lwesicelo se-ceramic coatings.

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Ukuphuculwa kweempawu zemishini yeengubo zeeramic ngee-oxides zomhlaba ezinqabileyo

Iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ubulukhuni, amandla okugoba kunye nokomelela kokuqina kwekhonkco leengubo zeceramic. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba amandla e-tensile yokwambathisa anokuphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa iLao _ 2 njengesongezo kwi-Al2O3 + 3% TiO _ 2 izinto, kwaye amandla ebhondi yokuqina anokufikelela kwi-27.36MPa xa isixa seLao _ 2 yi-6.0 %. Ukongeza i-CeO2 eneqhezu lobunzima be-3.0% kunye ne-6.0% kwizinto ze-Cr2O3, Amandla okudibanisa okuqinileyo kwengubo phakathi kwe-18 ~ 25MPa, enkulu kuneyokuqala ye-12 ~ 16MPa Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo we-CeO2 uyi-9.0%, i-tensile amandla bond ehla ukuya 12 ~ 15MPa.

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Ukuphuculwa kokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal yokwambathisa nge-ceramic ngomhlaba onqabileyo

Uvavanyo lokuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-Thermal luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokubonisa ngokusemgangathweni amandla okudibanisa phakathi kokutyabeka kunye ne-substrate kunye nokutshatisa i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal phakathi kokwaleka kunye ne-substrate. Ibonisa ngokuthe ngqo amandla okugquma ukuxhathisa ukuxobula xa ubushushu butshintsha ngokutshintshatshintshayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye ikwabonisa ukukwazi ukugquma ukuxhathisa ukudinwa komatshini kunye nobuchule bokudibanisa kunye ne-substrate ukusuka ecaleni.Ngoko ke, ikwayinto ephambili ukugweba umgangatho we-ceramic coating.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukongezwa kwe-3.0% CeO2 kunokunciphisa i-porosity kunye nobukhulu be-pore kwi-coating, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kumda we-pores, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal ye-Cr2O3 yokugqoka. Nangona kunjalo, i-porosity ye-Al2O3 yokwambathisa nge-ceramic yehla, kwaye amandla okubopha kunye nobomi bokungaphumeleli kobushushu bokutyalwa bunyuke ngokucacileyo emva kokongeza iLaO2. Xa isixa esongeziweyo seLaO2 sisi-6% (iqhezu lobunzima), ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kwengubo yeyona nto ilungileyo, kwaye ubomi bokungaphumeleli kwe-thermal bunokufikelela kumaxesha angama-218, ngelixa ubomi bokungaphumeleli kobushushu bokutya ngaphandle kweLaO2 yi-163 kuphela. amaxesha.

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Iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zichaphazela ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kweengubo

Iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukunyanzeliswa kweengubo ze-ceramic ubukhulu becala yi-CeO2 kunye neLa2O3. Isakhiwo sabo se-hexagonal layered sinokubonisa umsebenzi omhle wokuthambisa kunye nokugcina iimpawu zeekhemikhali ezizinzile kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, elinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhatshazwa kokugqoka kunye nokunciphisa i-coefficient ye-friction.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-coefficient ye-friction ye-coefficient kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo le-CeO2 lincinci kwaye lizinzile. Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba ukongeza i-La2O3 kwi-plasma etshizwe nge-cermet esekwe kwi-nickel-based cermet coating ngokucacileyo inokunciphisa ukuguga kwe-friction kunye ne-coefficient ye-friction ye-coefficient, kwaye i-coefficient ye-friction izinzile ngokuguquguquka okuncinci. Umphezulu onxityiweyo womaleko ogqunyiweyo ngaphandle komhlaba onqabileyo ubonisa ukuncamathela okunzulu kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-brittle kunye ne-spalling, nangona kunjalo, i-coating enomhlaba onqabileyo ibonisa ukuncamathela okubuthathaka kumphezulu ogugileyo, kwaye akukho phawu lwe-spalling yendawo enkulu. I-microstructure ye-microstructure ye-coat-doped enqabileyo yokugquma komhlaba ixinene kwaye ihlangene ngakumbi, kwaye i-pores iyancitshiswa, enciphisa amandla okukhuhla okuphakathi athwalwa ngamasuntswana amancinci kunye nokunciphisa ukukhuhla kunye nokunxiba i-Doping enqabileyo yomhlaba inokunyusa umgama we-crystal plane ye-cermets, ikhokelela. ekutshintsheni amandla okusebenzisana phakathi kobuso obubini bekristale kunye nokunciphisa i-coefficient ye-friction.

Isishwankathelo:

Nangona ii-oksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zenze impumelelo enkulu ekusetyenzisweni kwezixhobo ze-ceramic kunye neengubo, ezinokuthi ziphucule ngokufanelekileyo i-microstructure kunye neempawu zomatshini wezinto ze-ceramic kunye neengubo, kusekho iipropati ezininzi ezingaziwayo, ngakumbi ekunciphiseni ukungqubuzana kunye nokugqoka. amandla kunye nokunxiba ukuxhathisa izixhobo ukusebenzisana kunye neempawu zabo zokuthambisa iye yaba ulwalathiso olubalulekileyo olufanele ingxoxo kwinkalo tribology.

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